With this paper we present an analysis of sixty transnational governance initiatives and assess the implications for our understanding of the roles of public and private actors, the legitimacy of governance 'beyond' the state, and the North-South dimensions of governing climate change. In the first part of the paper we examine the notion of transnational governance and its applicability in the cli

Popular Abstract in Swedish Diabetes är en grupp sjukdomar som alla kännetecknas av en förhöjd nivå av sockerarten glukos i blodet. Antalet individer som drabbas av diabetes ökar hela tiden, en utveckling som ses över hela världen. Bara i Sverige har drygt 5% av befolkningen diagnosen diabetes, motsvarande 484.400 personer i åldern 20-79 år. Typ 2 diabetes är den vanligaste formen av diabetes, ochThe incidence of diabetes is increasing worldwide, with the most prevalent form being type 2 diabetes. Two fundamental processes contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes: insulin resistance in target organs and insufficient insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta-cells. The aim of this thesis was to explore the role of DNA methylation and common genetic variation on glucose metabolism a

Hydrophobic hydration, the perturbation of the aqueous solvent near an apolar solute or interface, is a fundamental ingredient in many chemical and biological processes. Both bulk water and aqueous solutions of apolar solutes behave anomalously at low temperatures for reasons that are not fully understood. Here, we use 2H NMR relaxation to characterize the rotational dynamics in hydrophobic hydrat

We demonstrate a plasma discharge which is generated between two diverging electrodes and extended into a gliding arc in non-equilibrium condition by an air flow at atmospheric pressure. Effects of the air flow rates on the dynamics, ground-state OH distributions and spectral characterization of UV emission of the gliding arc were investigated by optical methods. High-speed photography was utilize

Recently updated hydrogen combustion mechanism was combined with ozone decomposition reactions and extended by reactions of excited species: O(D-1), OH((2)Sigma(+)), and O-2(a(1)Delta g). The reliability and the accuracy of the rate constants pertinent to these excited species were evaluated. Many reactions proposed in the literature and implemented in other kinetic schemes were found irrelevant o

Context. Chemically inhomogeneous populations are observed in most globular clusters, but not in open clusters. Cluster mass seems to play a key role in the existence of multiple populations. Aims. Studying the chemical homogeneity of the most massive open clusters is needed to better understand the mechanism of their formation and determine the mass limit under which clusters cannot host multiple

The Swedish salmonella control programme has been very successful in reducing the number of salmonella infections in both humans and animals. However, the costs for the control have increased and it has thus been questioned if the control measures could be relaxed and, if so, what effect this would have on human and animal health. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the expected effects on

Background: The European spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus, and the North American mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), are severe pests of coniferous forests. Both bark beetle species utilize aggregation pheromones to coordinate mass-attacks on host trees, while odorants from host and non-host trees modulate the pheromone response. Thus, the bar

The hairdresser occupation is classified as probably carcinogenic to humans based on an excess risk for urinary bladder cancer, but it is unclear if current work as a hairdresser entails such a risk. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate if hairdressers have an ongoing exposure to selected carcinogenic aromatic amines. We recruited 295 hairdressers, 32 consumers of hair dyes and 60 co

We present the formulation of a scattering matrix method for the study of light-scattering properties of metal films. The method is employed for the study of the optical excitation of surface plasmons in a gold film of 15-230 nm thickness, patterned periodically with subwavelength nanoholes. The gold film is placed on a thick SiO2 wafer, and the nanoholes as well as the top side of the gold film a

Debate exists regarding which endpoints most sensitively reflect day-to-day variation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) symptoms and are most useful in clinical practice to predict COPD exacerbations. We hypothesized that short-acting β2-agonist (SABA) reliever use would predict short- and long-term exacerbation risk in COPD patients.

Building big data analytics applications (BDA) in the Cloud introduces inevitable challenges such as loss of control and uncertainty. To address the existing challenges, numerous efforts have been made on BDA application engineering to optimise quality of BDA applications in the Cloud, such as performance and reliability. However, there is still a lack of systematic view on engineering BDA applica

We report on a search of relations valid at order p(6) in Chiral Perturbation Theory. We have found relations between pi, pi K scattering, K-l4 decays, masses and decay constants and scalar and vector formfactors. In this paper we give the relations and a first numerical check of them.

Background: Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has a key role in migraine pathophysiology and is associated with activation of the trigeminovascular system. The trigeminal ganglion, storing CGRP and its receptor components, projects peripheral to the intracranial vasculature and central to regions in the brainstem with A delta- and C-fibers; this constitutes an essential part of the pain pathw

In embryonic stem cells, removal of oxidatively damaged proteins is triggered upon the first signs of cell fate specification but the underlying mechanism is not known. Here, we report that this phase of differentiation encompasses an unexpected induction of genes encoding the proteasome activator PA28 alpha beta (11S), subunits of the immunoproteasome (20Si), and the 20Si regulator TNF alpha. Thi