Ferrochelatase (EC 4.99.1.1), the terminal enzyme in the heme biosynthetic pathway, catalyzes the insertion of Fe2+ into protoporphyrin IX, generating heme. In vitro assays have shown that all characterized ferrochelatases can also incorporate Zn2+ into protoporphyrin IX. Previously Zn2+ has been observed at an inner metal binding site close to the porphyrin binding site. Mg2+, which stimulates Zn

The heat shock proteins (HSPs) HSP70 and gp96 from necrotic tumour cells are considered to function as chaperones in presenting tumour antigens. We therefore studied HSP70 and immune cells in a transplantable carcinoma in the liver of rats after interstitial laser thermotherapy (ILT). Experiments were performed in Wistar FU rats using a dimethyl-hydrazine-induced adenocarcinoma implanted into the

Spatial and temporal variations in polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations were studied in precipitation at 11 sampling-sites over a period of 1 year and compared with PCB concentrations in the air. The study was carried out in a region of southern Sweden approximately 11 000 km2 in area. The PCB concentration in precipitation ranged between 1.18 and 81.4 ng l(-1). Two of the sampling sites

We have developed a method to dock a transition-state structure into the active site of an enzyme. Such an approach is more discriminative than standard docking when looking for substrates of an enzyme, because a transition state has more sterical restrictions than a nonreactive state. We use an accurate and tailored force field for the transition-state for the hydroxylation reaction in cytochrome

Background: Chronic L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) leads to debilitating involuntary movements, termed L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. Striatofugal medium spiny neurons (MSN) lose their dendritic spines and cortico-striatal glutamatergic synapses in PD and in experimental models of DA depletion. This loss of connectivity is triggered by a dysregulation of in

In more than one-third of patients with a histological high-grade malignant soft tissue sarcoma metastasis develops despite local control of the primary tumour. Hence, adjuvant chemotherapy is increasingly used for these relatively chemoresistant tumours which requires improved prognostication to exclude low-risk patients from overtreatment. We assessed the value of stepwise prognostication in a s

To optimize treatment of chronic hepatitis C early identification of patients who will not achieve a sustained virological response (SVR) is desirable. We investigated hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA kinetics at day 1 (in 15 patients; genotypes 1 and non-1, 9 and 6 respectively) at weeks 1, 4 and 12 (in 53 patients; genotypes 1 and non-1, 19 and 34, respectively) during treatment with pegylated interf

Reaction of the new asymmetric ligand 2-(N-isopropyl-N-((1-methylimidazolyl)methyl)aminomethyl)-6-(N-carboxylm ethyl-N-((1-methylimidazolyl)methyl) aminomethyl)-4-methylphenol (ICIMP) with nickel perchlorate and diphenylacetic acid leads to the formation of tetranuclear nickel complexes, whose crystal structures reveal that they consist of dimers of dimers in which each Ni-2 unit has a coordinatio

1. We analysed time-series data from populations of red kangaroos (Macropus rufus, Desmarest) inhabiting four areas in the pastoral zone of South Australia. We formulated a set of a priori models to disentangle the relative effects of the covariates: rainfall, harvesting, intraspecific competition, and domestic herbivores, on kangaroo population-growth rate. 2. The statistical framework allowed fo

We have recently found that oncostatin M (OSM) is overexpressed in most human brain tumors. The effects of OSM are unclear with conflicting reports of growth stimulatory or inhibitory effects in various cell types. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of OSM in 5 glioma cell lines and 7 short-term cultures of human gliomas and in normal cultured human astrocytes. None of the cell l

The aims of this study were to investigate possible age-related changes in the disposition of factor IX procoagulant activity (FIX:C) after administration of recombinant factor IX (rFIX) and to translate the pharmacokinetic findings into suggestions for dosing of rFIX during prophylactic treatment of haemophilia B. Pharmacokinetic data were available from a previous study on 56 patients, aged 4-56

Vaccines may have non-specific effects as suggested mainly in mortality studies from low-income countries. The objective was to examine the effects of BCG and smallpox vaccinations on subsequent risk of lymphoma and leukaemia in a Danish population experiencing rapid out-phasing of these vaccines. In a background cohort (N=47,622) from the Copenhagen School Health Records Register, cases of leukae

Cell migration plays a central role in processes such as development, wound healing and cancer metastasis. Here we describe a novel interaction between DDR1, a receptor tyrosine kinase activated by collagen, and the phosphoprotein DARPP-32 in mammary epithelial cells. DARPP-32 expression was readily detected in non-transformed mammary cell lines, but was strongly reduced or even absent in breast t

A large proportion of cells that proliferate in the adult dentate gyrus under normal conditions or in response to brain insults exhibit only short-term survival. Here, we sought to determine which cell death pathways are involved in the degeneration of newly formed neurons in the rat dentate gyrus following 2 h of electrically induced status epilepticus. We investigated the role of three families

Competitive development of complex embedded systems such as mobile phones requires management of massive amounts of complex requirements. This paper defines and discusses orders of magnitudes in RE and implications of the highest order of magnitude that we have experienced in industrial settings. Based on experiences from the mobile phone domain we propose research areas that, if ad-dressed succes

The invariant differential cross section for inclusive electron production in p+p collisions at root s=200 GeV has been measured by the PHENIX experiment at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider over the transverse momentum range 0.4

To investigate the possibility of simplifying electrocardiogram (ECG) recording in children, we compared waveforms in conventional 12-lead ECGs to those derived from EASI leads in 221 children of various ages. The conventional 12-lead ECGs and the ECGs using EASI electrode positions were collected simultaneously. We developed and determined the value of age-specific transformation coefficients for