Bone is a composite material where tubular osteon structures surrounded by thin interfaces reinforce the tissue at the microscale. These interfaces provide alternative weak paths for crack growth and give rise to potent extrinsic toughening mechanisms. Numerical models can help to gain a deeper understanding of fracture resistance in bone, however, capturing the interface mechanics is key. For thi

IMPACT: The authors recommend that politicians and public managers consider the possible benefits and critical issues connected to the creation of holding companies at the local government level. On the one hand, municipal holding companies can be useful for steering and controlling municipal corporations; on the other hand, they can have the downside of adding another level of governance.

This paper presents an experimental study on the leaching of heavy metals, toxic chemicals and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) – PAH, PCB and HCB – from soil dredged from the coastal area of Västernorrland in northern Sweden. The soil was stabilized with cement/slag. Samples were subjected to modified surface leaching and shake tests using technical standards of the Swedish Geotech-nical Inst

Code quality remains an abstract concept that fails to get traction at the business level. Consequently, software companies keep trading code quality for time-to-market and new features. The resulting technical debt is estimated to waste up to 42% of developers' time. At the same time, there is a global shortage of software developers, meaning that developer productivity is key to software busines

The contribution of the epicardium, the outermost layer of the heart, to cardiac regeneration has remained controversial due to a lack of suitable analytical tools. By combining genetic marker-independent lineage-tracing strategies with transcriptional profiling and loss-of-function methods, we report here that the epicardium of the highly regenerative salamander species Pleurodeles waltl has an i

In this paper, we aim to investigate the interplay between chemistry, flow dynamics and temperature using high fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models in an urban environment. A detailed numerical model based on large eddy simulation (LES) is developed considering the temperature and buoyancy effect and the non-equilibrium chemical processes. The model is used to study flow and reaction

Conservation properties of iterative methods applied to implicit finite volume discretizations of nonlinear conservation laws are analyzed. It is shown that any consistent multistep or Runge-Kutta method is globally conservative. Further, it is shown that Newton’s method, Krylov subspace methods and pseudo-time iterations are globally conservative while the Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel methods are not

In recruitment, promotion, admission, and other forms of wealth and power apportion, an evaluator typically ranks a set of candidates in terms of their competence. If the evaluator is prejudiced, the resulting ranking will misrepresent the candidates’ actual rankings. This constitutes not only a moral and a practical problem, but also an epistemological one, which begs the question of what we shou

A wideband balun-LNA featuring common gate (CG) – common source (CS) noise cancelling, current reuse, and g0.8 GHz to 7.3 GHz that fulfills the requirements of sub-6 GHzm -boosting is presented. It covers frequency range from 5G new radio (NR) technology. The LNA provides balanced output for identical differential loads and employs forward body biasing for linearity improvement. The LNA has low se

A respiratory virus emitted in an aerosol particle will experience a tough journey with many obstacles before finding a new host where it can cause an infection (Fig. 1). By every second, its chances to replicate decrease due to removal by building ventilation, deposition on surfaces, or loss in infectivity. Thus, the transport of infectious viruses from the exhaled breath of one person to the inh

A numerical model to simulate cross-shore (CS) beach and dune evolution induced by storms was developed in this study. The model development was partly based on previous CS modeling work in which modules describing the response of the beach profile in the offshore, surf, and swash zone were described in detail, but where the dune module is lacking. The dune module, adopting wave impact theory, was

Dominant policy approaches have failed to generate action at anywhere near the rate, scale or depth needed to avert climate change and environmental disaster. In particular, they fail to address the need for a fundamental cultural transformation, which involves a collective shift in mindsets (values, beliefs, worldviews and associated inner human capacities). Whilst scholars and practitioners are

This article seeks to explore and analyse the capacity of Swedish municipalities to implement measures for in- creased cycling. Through the concept of local capacity and against the backdrop of interviews with local cycle planners, the aim of the article is to gain deeper insights into cycle planners’ experiences and perspectives on what the possibilities, obstacles and challenges are as regards aThis article seeks to explore and analyse the capacity of Swedish municipalities to implement measures for increased cycling. Through the concept of local capacity and against the backdrop of interviews with local cycle planners, the aim of the article is to gain deeper insights into cycle planners’ experiences and perspectives on what the possibilities, obstacles and challenges are as regards ach

Bostads- och servicesektorn i Sverige står idag för ungefär 40% av Sveriges totalaårliga energibehov (Energimyndigheten, 2021). Förutom detta används en stormängd energi för nyproduktion, underhåll och rivning av byggnader. Att minskaenergianvändningen i byggsektorns hela livscykel är en nyckel för att nå uppsattaenergi- och klimatmål. I detta projekt analyseras vad som är bäst ur ettenergiperspek

The Swedish National Library published together with the university libraries in Gothenburg, Lund, Stockholm, Umeå and Uppsala in January 2020 a Declaration of Intent where the goal to digitiz Swedish print from the 15th century until today was formulated. Based on this objective, the article discusses different digitization strategies in libraries. Mass digitization stands for the rapid digitizat

Criminal recidivism is a major global concern. There is a well-known association between substance use disorders and offending. Yet, little is known about crime-specific recidivism. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between specific substance use and crime-specific recidivism. The study is based on 4207 Swedish prison clients with substance use assessed with Addiction Sever

Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are transcription factors with important roles in tissue homeostasis. KLF4 possesses antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory properties. In this issue, Estrada et al. show that endothelial KLF4 prevents complement deposition in glomeruli and in its absence the cell-bound complement regulator CD55 was reduced. The study included endothelial-specific KLF4 knockdown mice that