Cycling provides numerous benefits to individuals and to society but the burden of road traffic injuries and fatalities is disproportionately sustained by cyclists. Without awareness of the contributory factors of cyclist death and injury, the capability to implement context-specific and appropriate measures is severely limited. In this paper, we investigated the effects of the characteristics rel

The high pulse intensity and repetition rate of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL) provide superior temporal resolution compared with other X-ray sources. In combination with MHz X-ray microscopy techniques, it offers a unique opportunity to achieve superior contrast and spatial resolution in applications demanding high temporal resolution. In both live visualization and offline data

BACKGROUND: Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a β-galactoside-binding lectin that is highly expressed within the tumor microenvironment of aggressive cancers and has been suggested to predict a poor response to immune checkpoint therapy with the anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody pembrolizumab. We aimed to assess if the effect of Gal-3 was a result of direct interaction with the immune checkpoint receptor.METHODS:

Galectin-3 is involved in multiple pathways of many diseases, including cancer, fibrosis, and diabetes, and it is a validated pharmaceutical target for the development of novel therapeutic agents to address unmet medical needs. Novel 1,2-thiodisaccharides with a C-glycosylic functionality were synthesized by the photoinitiated thiol-ene click reaction of O-peracylated 1-C-substituted glycals and 1

In recent years reprogramming techniques, differentiation protocols, and sequencing analysis have opened a field for generating and studying human-derived neurons with greater potential than ever before. This has generated a large number of studies with the goal of deriving bona fide neurons. Both direct reprogramming and differentiation have benefits and drawbacks, while direct reprogramming can

RationaleThere is no effective disease modifying treatment for peanut allergy available. A Phase I safety and tolerability study was performed with a chemically modified, Al(OH)3 adsorbed peanut extract (HAL-MPE1) for subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT).MethodsIn a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, single-centre, Phase I study, 17 Caucasian subjects with peanut allergy were randomized to

Successful implementation of plasma-assisted combustion in applied thermal processes heavily relies on how the plasma can be formed as it interacts with the reactive flow and what the effects are of such a plasma on the combustion process. The current study is an experimental investigation of a plasma-assisted lifted flat methane–air flame by a nanosecond pulsed discharge at atmospheric pressure.

his study presents three-dimensional (3D) emission tomography on gliding arc discharge for volumetric measurements of plasma luminosity fields. The 3D tomography of the plasma luminosity field enables quantification and characterization of 3D plasma features, which are not easily accessible in two-dimensional measurements. Simultaneous projections of the plasma discharge were imaged using multiple

This investigation consisted of developing and evaluating solar dryers together with semi-permeable membrane pouches for drying juicy fruits in low-income tropical countries. Two design iterations were carried out including prototype modelling and testing. The latest developed solar dryers were a passive and an active solar dryer. Modelling was initially carried out mathematically using an equatio

PARP14/BAL2 is a large multidomain enzyme involved in signaling pathways with relevance to cancer, inflammation, and infection. Inhibition of its mono-ADP-ribosylating PARP homology domain and its three ADP-ribosyl binding macro domains has been regarded as a potential means of therapeutic intervention. Macrodomains-2 and -3 are known to stably bind to ADP-ribosylated target proteins, but the func

PARP14 is a mono-ADP-ribosyl transferase involved in the control of immunity, transcription, and DNA replication stress management. However, little is known about the ADP-ribosylation activity of PARP14, including its substrate specificity or how PARP14-dependent ADP-ribosylation is reversed. We show that PARP14 is a dual-function enzyme with both ADP-ribosyl transferase and hydrolase activity act

Advancement of the maxilla may increase the distance between the soft palate and the posterior pharyngeal wall in patients with cleft lip and palate, implying a risk of velopharyngeal dysfunction. The aim was to evaluate long-term speech outcome in a consecutive series of patients treated with distraction osteogenesis (DO). Fourteen out of the 16 patients agreed to participate. A long-term speech

The research aim of this article is to generate novel insights into how public sector organizations (PSOs) strategically communicate with the public about critical issues on social media. To this end, the study explores the public's experiences of the Swedish Police's sense of safety communication on Instagram in the third largest city in Sweden, where the lack of a sense of public safety is a mai

This paper presents a stabilized scheme that solves the wave propagation problem in a general bianisotropic, stratified medium. The method utilizes the concept of propagators, i.e., the wave propagation operators that map the total tangential electric and magnetic fields from one plane in the slab to another. The scheme transforms the propagator approach into a scattering matrix form, where a spec

The Temporary Protection Directive does not contribute to an effective integration process. Measures to facilitate refugee integration need to be put in place even if return is the preferred durable solution.

In chemistry education, student learning difficulties involve connecting theory and phenomena to make sense of chemistry, as well as utilising and understanding the language of chemistry. In this thesis, I examine the relationships among student language use, previous achievement level, and sensemaking in chemistry, as well as how experienced teachers help students make sense of chemistry as part

Increasing the amount of renewable generation in distribution networks is a fundamental part of the energy transition. Multiple methods exist to increase the hosting capacity in a grid, to allow larger injections of generation and more efficiently utilize existing infrastructure before operational limits are breached. In this thesis, the method studied for this is network reconfiguration. Many dis