Background. The use of volatile anaesthetics has increased in situations where conventional anaesthetic machines are inadequate or unavailable, for example, cardiac surgery and intensive care. The disposable anaesthetic conserving device, AnaConDaw, allows vaporization of liquid volatile anaesthetics from a syringe pump and rebreathing of exhaled anaesthetic. Clinical use requires understanding of

The scientific knowledge of climate change processes and their worrying future implications for human societies and natural systems has developed considerably during the last decade, but necessary adaptive actions by decision makers have so far been rather limited. There are several causes to this, such as a discrepancy related to the communication between climate scientists and end-users, and the

Circadian variation in atrial fibrillation (AF) frequency is explored in this paper by employing recent advances in signal processing. Once the AF frequency has been estimated and tracked by a hidden Markov model approach, the resulting trend is analyzed for the purpose of detecting and characterizing the presence of circadian variation. With cosinor analysis, the results show that the shortterm v

The European Union has initiated a number of initiatives to improve resource efficiency in Europe. The Ecodesign Directive is one of the policy instruments that could aid the transition towards a more resource efficient economy. So far, the Directive has mainly been applied to set requirements related to energy efficiency, but there is potential for setting legal standards that increase product du

Specific advantages with Particle Induced X-Ray Emission are: its (1) multielemental capability, especially when combined with nuclear techniques for lighter elements, (2) speed, (3) low detection limits for small samples and (4) accuracy. To make full use of these advantages, analytical parameters have to be chosen optimally and the facility to be carefully designed. This paper describes an exper

This paper will discuss authorial and editorial voices in connection with Sophie Leijonhufvud’s translation of Dinah Mulock’s A Woman’s Thoughts about Women (1858). The pronounced aim of the translation was to mediate Mulock’s ideas on womanhood to a Swedish audience. The Swedish translation was published by the Swedish women’s periodical Tidskrift för hemmet in 1861. Leijonhufvud was one of the f

In order to study the gene expression of the seminal plasma protein beta-microseminoprotein, also known as PSP94 and beta-inhibin, clones encoding this protein were isolated from a cDNA library constructed in lambda gt11. Nucleotide sequencing confirmed the structure of a previously cloned cDNA. By northern blot analysis identical sized transcripts were demonstrated in the prostate, the respirator

Renewable portfolio standards (RPS) and minimum price standards are two systems to foster the market dissemination of renewable energies in the electricity sector. Transaction Cost Economics brings forward that the contractual relations in real structures have to be investigated to judge on the efficiency of governance structures. This paper seeks to do so by comparing governance structures create

In optically controlled quantum computers it may be favorable to address different qubits using light with different frequencies, since the optical diffraction does not then limit the distance between qubits. Using qubits that are close to each other enables qubit-qubit interactions and gate operations that are strong and fast in comparison to qubit-environment interactions and decoherence rates.

As a pre study for future work the output from a regular plane solid 2-dimensional finite element was compared with the output from a solid 2-dimensional axisymmetric finite element. It was done by creating a very simple finite element model for the heat convection problem. The purpose was to compare the results from a heat convection analysis. The model can be used directly for the mass diffusion