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Cancer risk in patients with hepatitis C virus infection : A population-based study in Sweden

Increased risks of certain cancers have been observed in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, data on other cancer sites/types are lacking. We analyzed systematically the risk of developing 35 common cancers in patients with HCV infection using a nationwide Swedish database. Patients with HCV infection were identified from the Swedish Hospital Inpatient and Outpatient Register

Longitudinal 10-year changes in dietary intake and associations with cardio-metabolic risk factors in the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study

Background: Dietary risks today constitute the largest proportion of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) globally and in Sweden. An increasing number of people today consume highly processed foods high in saturated fat, refined sugar and salt and low in dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals. It is important that dietary trends over time are monitored to predict changes in disease risk. Methods:

Defining HIV-1 transmission clusters based on sequence data : a systematic review and perspectives

Understanding HIV-1 transmission dynamics is relevant to both screening and intervention strategies of HIV-1 infection. Commonly, HIV-1 transmission chains are determined based on sequence similarity assessed either directly from a sequence alignment or by inferring a phylogenetic tree. This review is aimed at both nonexperts interested in understanding and interpreting studies of HIV-1 transmissi

Intravesical instillations and cancer-specific survival in patients with primary carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of intravesical treatment and cancer-specific survival of patients with primary carcinoma in situ (CIS). Materials and methods: Data acquisition was based on the Swedish National Registry of Urinary Bladder Cancer by selecting all patients with primary CIS. The analysis covered gender, age, hospital type and hospital volume. Intravesical tre

Demonstration and pantomime in the evolution of teaching

Donald proposes that early Homo evolved mimesis as a new form of cognition. This article investigates the mimesis hypothesis in relation to the evolution of teaching. The fundamental capacities that distinguish hominin teaching from that of other animals are demonstration and pantomime. A conceptual analysis of the instructional and communicative functions of demonstration and pantomime is present

Measurement-based analysis of relaying performance for vehicle-to-vehicle communications with large vehicle obstructions

It has been widely recognized that relaying is an important method for increasing the reliability and spectral efficiency of communications systems, and it is thus helpful for improving the performance of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication systems. However, designing and evaluating V2V relay networks require understanding the effect of shadowing, as this critically impacts the performance of t

Quantitative Measurement of Atomic Potassium in Plumes over Burning Solid Fuels Using Infrared-Diode Laser Spectroscopy

Solid fuels, such as coal and biomass, comprise a large portion of the current annual world energy supply, roughly equal to the annual oil consumption. During solid fuel combustion, certain species, though they are fairly benign outside of the combustion system, can cause damage in and around the combustion chamber. Alkali release from coal and biomass is known to cause severe problems in solid fu

Design of a randomized controlled trial of physical training and cancer (Phys-Can) - the impact of exercise intensity on cancer related fatigue, quality of life and disease outcome

Background: Cancer-related fatigue is a common problem in persons with cancer, influencing health-related quality of life and causing a considerable challenge to society. Current evidence supports the beneficial effects of physical exercise in reducing fatigue, but the results across studies are not consistent, especially in terms of exercise intensity. It is also unclear whether use of behaviour

Effects of CH4 Content on NO Formation in One-Dimensional Adiabatic Flames Investigated by Saturated Laser-Induced Fluorescence and CHEMKIN Modeling

Experiments applying saturated laser-induced fluorescence (LSF) technology were performed focusing on the influence of equivalence ratio, syngas mixture contents, on NO formation in H2/CO/CH4/CO2/N2/O2 premixed flat flames supplied by a heat flux burner. Experimental data were extracted to validate calculation by CHEMKIN software. Both experiments and CHEMKIN calculation draw one conclusion that N

The Multi-Blade Boron-10-based neutron detector for high intensity neutron reflectometry at ESS

The Multi-Blade is a Boron-10-based gaseous detector introduced to face the challenge arising in neutron reflectometry at pulsed neutron sources. Neutron reflectometers are the most challenging instruments in terms of instantaneous counting rate and spatial resolution. This detector has been designed to cope with the requirements set for the reflectometers at the upcoming European Spallation Sourc

Nano and micro structured targets to modulate the spatial profile of laser driven proton beams

Nano and micro structured thin (μ m-scale) foils were designed, fabricated and irradiated with the high intensity laser system operating at LLC (Lund Laser Centre, Sweden) in order to systematically study and improve the main proton beam parameters. Nano-spheres deposited on the front (laser irradiated) surface of a flat Mylar foil enabled a small enhancement of the maximum energy and number of th

Can redistribution by means of a progressive labor income-taxation transfer system increase financial stability?

We present a model featuring heterogeneous households with a conspicuous consumptionmotive, in which inequality can decrease financial stability, and relate this behavior to the recent financial crisis in theUSA. A natural policy conclusion would be to combat income inequality jointly with financial instability by means of a progressive system of taxes and transfers. We investigate this for the ca

Electronic structure of strongly correlated materials : From one-particle to many-body theory

One of the great challenges of modern condensed matter theory is to develop reliable and practical methods for describing the electronic structure of strongly correlated materials fully from first principles. It has been known for a long time that the widely used Kohn-Sham density functional theory within the local density approximation (LDA) often fails for these systems. This paper describes the

Automatic Control in Combinded Wastewater Treatment Plants

Some problems in biological wastewater treatment control are discussed. The reason for control is disturbances, and some important operational problems are described. The control means available for an activated sludge process are considered. Available dynamical models are reviewed briefly and a survey of current practice in control is given.

Constructive Alignment as a Means to Establish Information Literacy in the Curriculum

Constructive alignment is the pedagogical principal which connects learning goals and learning activities with assessment. Learning goals should inform the student about what they’ll know once they finish the course. Learning activities is what the student needs to do to fulfill the goals. The assessment measures to what degree the student reaches the learning goals. The principal of constructive

Three-body correlations data analysis through monte carlo simulation in decay of 10He

This work concerns the program for Monte Carlo (MC) simulation of three-body decays data. Three-body events are characterized by complicated correlations hindered by induced distortions due to finite resolution of experimental setups. The MC code is developed and tested by performing the analysis of the 10He experiment which shows the unusual order of first excited states of 10He.

Genetic diversity and evolution in eukaryotic phytoplankton : Revelations from population genetic studies

Eukaryotic phytoplankton exhibit an enormous species richness, displaying a range of phylogenetic, morphological and physiological diversity. Yet, until recently, very little was known about the diversity, genetic variation and evolutionary processes within species and populations. An approach to explore this diversity and to understand evolution of phytoplankton is to use population genetics as a