Group-based microfinance programmes, based on trust and solidarity among members, currently dominate development policy and practice as the approach compensates for individual poor’s lack of material resources and market imperfections. Despite strong evidence of its social and economic impact, few researches take an in-depth, empirical look at how the group models manifest and create social capita

A DNS study of propagation of either an infinitely thin passive interface or a reaction wave of a nonzero thickness in forced, constant-density, statistically stationary, homogeneous, isotropic turbulence was performed by solving Navier-Stokes equations and either level set or reaction-diffusion equation, respectively, with all other things being equal. The simulations covered a wide range of cond

Divergence in communication systems should influence the likelihood that individuals from different lineages interbreed, and consequently shape the direction and rate of hybridization. Here, we studied the role of chemical communication in hybridization, and its contribution to asymmetric and sexually selected introgression between two lineages of the common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis). Males o

The aim of this study is to investigate whether certain configurations of management controls dominate in certain societies (socio-cultural contexts) and whether the effectiveness of a given archetype of management control systems (MCSs) varies depending on the socio-cultural setting-the society-in which it operates. The study focuses on three socio-cultural groups and the corresponding institutio

Pulmonary hypertension due to lung diseases In 2015 the European Society of Cardiology and European Respiratory Society published new guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension (PH). PH due to lung diseases and/or hypoxia was classified as a separate entity. PH is common in lung diseases, but seldom severe. Nevertheless, the presence of PH in a patient with lung disease is

Background: Surgery and anesthesia have been linked to postoperative cognitive disturbance and increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. It is not clear by which mechanisms this increased risk for cognitive disease is mediated. Further, amyloid β production has been suggested to depend on the sleep-wake cycle and neuronal activity. The aim of the present study was to examine if cerebrospinal fluid (C

In recent years, there has been growing concern that multinational enterprises (MNEs) engage in strategic tax planning in order to shift profits to low-tax jurisdictions. This common perception is generally confirmed by empirical evidence, which is foremost provided for countries with high corporate taxes and relatively complex tax systems. We investigate whether multinational firms in a country w

Research area: Modern society is increasingly dependent on a range of technical infrastructure networks including e.g. power, transport and IT networks. This dependence is illustrated by large disturbances which from time to time affect these systems, often to an extent which few did consider possible.The overarching aim of this thesis is to advance analysis methods concerning large disturbance ev

Genetisk rådgivning (vägledning) etablerades inom svensk sjukvård under 1960- och 1970-talet. Samtidigt stärktes föreställningen om individens självbestämmande i reproduktiva frågor, en uppfattning som hade börjat formuleras redan under 1950-talet. I artikeln diskuteras hur den genetiska rådgivningen som tidigare baserats på empiriska riskberäkningar under 1960- och 1970-talet fick en delvis annanGenetic counseling was established within the Swedish healthcare system in the 1960s and 1970s. During this period the idea of individual autonomy, which had been introduced into genetic counseling already in the 1950s, was gradually strengthened. The paper discusses the development of medical knowledge and technologies related to heredity during this period, from empi-rical risk calculations to t

We compared mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells and fibroblasts (MEFs) for their ability to metabolically activate the environmental carcinogens benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), 3-nitrobenzanthrone (3-NBA) and aristolochic acid I (AAI), measuring DNA adduct formation by (32)P-postlabelling and expression of xenobiotic-metabolism genes by quantitative real-time PCR. At 2 μM, BaP induced Cyp1a1 expression in MEFs

Associations between long-Term exposure to ambient air pollution and cognitive function have been observed in a few longitudinal studies. Our aim was to investigate the association between long-Term exposure to air pollution and episodic memory, a marker of early cognitive decline. We used data from the Betula study in Northern Sweden, and included participants 60 to 85 of age at inclusion, 1,469

Purpose The recruitment of participants to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in palliative cancer care by health care professionals is often unsuccessful, which could result in failure to achieve study power. The purpose of this paper is to describe how health care professionals experienced recruiting patients and family caregivers to an RCT in palliative cancer care. Methods The study had a qua

Film cooling technology is commonly used in a cooling system of gas turbines. For different upstream bulge configurations, the unconnected and connected configurations were used to investigate the film cooling effectiveness and downstream dimensionless temperature distributions in this paper. Moreover, the effect of the blowing ratio was analyzed by using the computational fluid mechanics. The res

The aim of this thesis is develop methods to extract information from high-dimensionality data and to apply them in looking at gene-gene and gene-protein interactions in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). The in silico methods developed can be used with data from other systems. The thesis gives an overview of the field for network inference and deconvolution methods, as well as a brief background on th