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We discuss how the renormalization scheme ambiguities in QCD can be fixed, when two observables are related, by requiring the coefficients in the perturbative expansion relating the two observables to have their conformal limit values, i.e., to be independent of the [Formula presented] function of the renormalized coupling. We show how the next-to-leading order BLM automatic scale-fixing method ca
We analyze the lowest spectral moments of the left-right two-point correlation function, using all known short-distance constraints and the recently updated ALEPH V-A spectral function from τ decays. This information is used to determine the low-energy couplings L10 and C87 of chiral perturbation theory and the lowest-dimensional contributions to the operator product expansion of the left-right co
We present a complete set of helicity-dependent 2 → 3 antenna functions for QCD initial- and final-state radiation. The functions are implemented in the Vincia shower Monte Carlo framework and are used to generate showers for hadron-collider processes in which helicities are explicitly sampled (and conserved) at each step of the evolution. Although not capturing the full effects of spin correlatio
Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is one of the leading causes of transfusion-related fatalities and is characterized by the onset of acute respiratory distress within 6 hours of a blood transfusion. There are no specific therapies available and the pathogenesis remains unclear. Pre-existing inflammation is a risk factor for TRALI and neutrophils (PMNs) are considered to be the major p
Transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO) and Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) are syndromes of acute respiratory distress which occur within 6 hours of blood transfusion. TACO and TRALI are the leading causes of transfusion-related fatalities and specific therapies are unavailable. Diagnostically, it remains very challenging to distinguish TACO and TRALI from underlying caus
Objective: To examine the performance of ultrasound (US) for the diagnosis of gout using the presence of monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU) crystals as the gold standard. Methods: We analyzed data from the Study for Updated Gout Classification Criteria (SUGAR), a large, multicenter observational cross-sectional study of consecutive subjects with at least 1 swollen joint who conceivably may have go
During the last glacial period, proxy records throughout the Northern Hemisphere document a succession of rapid millennial-scale warming events, called Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events. A range of different mechanisms has been proposed that can produce similar warming in model experiments; however, the progression and ultimate trigger of the events are still unknown. Because of their fast nature, th
Probiotics should bring ‘balance’ to the intestinal microbiota by stimulating beneficial bacteria, whilst mitigating adverse ones. Balance can also be interpreted as high alpha-diversity. Contrary, Escherichia coli is often regarded as an adverse component of the resident intestinal microbiota. The aim of the present study was to implement a mouse model for in vivo screening of Lactobacillus-strai
The 1993 Ground-based Cloud Experiment on Great Dun Fell used a wide range of measurements of trace gases, aerosol particles and cloud droplets at five sites to study their sources and sinks especially those in cloud. These measurements have been interpreted using a variety of models. The conclusions add to our knowledge of air pollution, acidification of the atmosphere and the ground, eutrophicat
Single-particle analysis, performed by laser microprobe mass spectrometry and bulk analytical techniques were used to study aerosol-cloud interactions within the third field campaign of the EUROTRAC subproject 'ground-based cloud experiments' at the Great Dun Fell, Cumbria, U.K. in spring 1993. The shape of the ridge made it possible for ground-based instrumentation to sample similar parcels of ai
A technique for the characterisation of droplet aerosols is presented and theoretically evaluated. The system, which finds applications for example in the experimental study of cloud formation and cloud water chemistry, relies on a four-step process. The droplet aerosol is electrically charged in a unipolar charging unit, followed by diffusion drying of the droplets, resulting in charged particles
Based on a novel dataset of about 1150 time series, this study provides monthly economic activity estimates for 28 countries during the Great Depression. Due to their high frequency, the indices reveal that steady growth was far from universal even in the second half of the 1920s. Monetary and financial instability, agricultural crises, and labor conflict continued to plague economies around the g
The recent surge in publications on the history of knowledge may obscure the fact that there are several parallel understandings of what the field is. In this article, I discern five major historiographical directions in contemporary scholarship regarding the history of knowledge. The analytical framework that has so far attracted the most attention is the circulation of knowledge. As productive a
We compute the next-to-leading-order corrections to soft-gluon radiation differentially in the one-emission phase space. We show that their contribution to the evolution of color dipoles can be obtained in a modified subtraction scheme, such that both one- and two-emission terms are amenable to Monte Carlo integration. The two-loop cusp anomalous dimension is recovered naturally upon integration o
I denna uppsats anläggs ett kunskapshistoriskt perspektiv på Svenska Dagbladets dagliga essäsida Under strecket och 1960-talets kunskapscirkulation. Genom att studera några tongivande skribenter och ett stort antal understreckare karakteriseras den akademiska kunskapens plats och form i tidens svenska offentlighet. På ett teoretiskt plan griper uppsatsen in i den vetenskapliga diskussionen om kuns
Prolonged intake of excessive amounts of ethanol is known to have adverse effects on the central nervous system (CNS). Here we investigated the effects of acute and chronic ethanol exposure and withdrawal from chronic ethanol exposure on glymphatic function, which is a brain-wide metabolite clearance system connected to the peripheral lymphatic system. Acute and chronic exposure to 1.5 g/kg (binge
We summarise the main features of VINCIA's antenna-based treatment of QCD initial- and finalstate showers, which includes iterated tree-level matrix-element corrections and automated evaluations of perturbative shower uncertainties. The latter are computed on the fly and are cast as a set of alternative weights for each generated event. The resulting algorithm has been made publicly available as a
We present the first public implementation of antenna-based QCD initial- and final-state showers. The shower kernels are 2 → 3 antenna functions, which capture not only the collinear dynamics but also the leading soft (coherent) singularities of QCD matrix elements. We define the evolution measure to be inversely proportional to the leading poles, hence gluon emissions are evolved in a p⊥measure i
