Lactobacillus colonisation was examined in 112 Swedish infants. Faecal samples obtained at 1, 2,4 and 8 weeks and at 6, 12 and 18 months of age were cultivated quantitatively on Rogosa agar. Lactobacilli were speciated by PCR and typed to the strain level by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Lactobacilli reached a peak at 6 months when 45% of the infants were colonised. L. rhamnosus and L

Rat dopamine D(2short) expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were characterized by means of activation of [(35)S]-guanosine 5'-O-(gamma-thiotriphosphate) ([(35)S]GTPgammaS) binding and inhibition of [(3)H]raclopride binding. Among 18 dopaminergic ligands studied dopamine, NPA, apomorphine and quinpirole were full agonists in activation of [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding, while seven ligands were

Target factors aim at setting criteria to select foreign vessels that should be inspected by port state control authorities. Although a relative consensus exists on the main factors to consider in selecting vessels, the weight to be given to these factors is still unclear. Using data on 26 515 PSC inspections that took place within the Indian Ocean MoU region from 2002 to 2006, we investigate the

A novel truncated hemoglobin has been identified in the thermophilic bacterium Geobacillus stearothermophilus (Gs-trHb). The protein has been expressed in Escherichia coli, the 3D crystal structure (at 1.5 angstrom resolution) and the ligand binding properties have been determined. The distal heme pocket displays an array of hydrogen bonding donors to the iron-bound ligands, including Tyr-B10 on o

Phonological vowel reduction in Bulgarian is discussed, distinguishing between formal & informal speech & dialectal & standard forms. The Bulgarian vowel system is presented, with an evaluation of the articulatory models of Bulgarian vowel production, & a description of the orthographic representation of the "indeterminate vowel." Alternations between stressed & nonstressed vow

This paper presents new tuning rules for PIcontrol of processes with essentially monotone step response that aretypically encountered in process control. The rules are based oncharacterization of process dynamics by three parameters that can beobtained from a step response experiment. The rules are obtained bymaximizing integral gain subject to a constraint on themaximum sensitivity. They are almo

Reduced and total homocysteine, cysteine, glutathione and cysteinylglycine in plasma were investigated in 19 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and in 29 healthy subjects. The purpose was to examine the influence of pro-oxidant activity caused by the lung disease on the metabolism of homocysteine and other plasma thiols. We observed a decreased concentration of reduced glutathione

Several serum and urine biochemical markers of bone resorption and formation have been developed. Biochemical bone markers have been used as intermediate end-points in all major studies of anti-osteoporotic therapies. Bone resorption markers, in particular, may add an independent, predictive value to the assessment of bone loss and fracture risk. There are also potential advantages in monitoring a

Self-diffusion constants of amphiphilic molecules in D2O solutions of mixed poly(oxyethylene)-polydimethylsiloxane diblock copolymer (POE-PDMS, SimC3EOn) and poly(oxyethylene) dodecyl ether (C12EOn) were measured by pulsed-field-gradient NMR method. In the D2O/Si25C3EO51.6/C12EO8 or D2O/Si52C3EO51.6/Cl2EO8 systems, small and large micelles coexist in a wide range of SimC3EO51.6 fraction in total a

A screening of non-conventional yeast species and several Saccharomyces cerevisiae ( baker's yeast) strains overexpressing known carbonyl reductases revealed the S. cerevisiae reductase encoded by YMR226c as highly efficient for the reduction of the diketones 1 and 2 to their corresponding hydroxyketones 3 - 6 ( Scheme 1) in excellent enantiomeric excesses. Bioreduction of 1 using the genetically

Fractures occur in about every tenth of accidental falls and a distal forearm fracture is one of the commonest fractures. People who have sustained a distal forearm fracture are at risk of sustaining other fractures later in life. The purpose of this study was to describe physical performance regarding handgrip strength, one leg standing and walking speed over time in women after a fall-related di

We prove the existence of steady periodic capillary water waves on flows with arbitrary vorticity distributions. They are symmetric two-dimensional waves whose profiles are monotone between crest and trough.

Emergency medicine service (EMS) systems in the five Nordic Countries have more similarities than differences. One similarity is the involvement of anaesthesiologists as pre-hospital physicians and their strong participation for all critically ill and injured patients in-hospital. Discrepancies do exist, however, especially within the ground and air ambulance service, and the EMS systems face seve

Solvent extracted cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), conventionally known as natural CNSL, is a mixture of several alkenyl phenols. One of these alkenyl phenols is anacardic acid, which is present at the highest concentration. In view of anticipated industrial applications of anacardic acid, the objective of this work was to isolate anacardic acid from natural CNSL by supercritical carbon dioxide (sc

The hormone corticosterone (CORT) is an important component of a bird's response to environmental stress, but it can also have negative effects. Therefore, birds on migration are hypothesized to have repressed stress responses (migration-modulation hypothesis). In contrast to earlier studies on long-distance migrants, we evaluate this hypothesis in a population containing both migratory and reside

Using nonequilibrium Green's function technique, we have investigated the ac conductance of poly(C)-poly(G) DNA molecule at low temperature. Our results indicate that thermal fluctuations of DNA hopping energy will play a profound role for the ac conductance. It smoothes out the conductance curves at high ac signal frequency while does not suppress it substantially. The dependences of the ac condu

Cytochromes of the c type in the gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis are all membrane anchored, with their heme domains exposed on the outer side of the cytoplasmic membrane. They are distinguished from other cytochromes by having heme covalently attached by two thioether bonds. The cysteinyls in the heme-binding site (CXXCH) in apocytochrome c must be reduced in order for the covalent attac

For decades, unicellular yeasts have been general models to help understand the eukaryotic cell and also our own biology. Recently, over a dozen yeast genomes have been sequenced, providing the basis to resolve several complex biological questions. Analysis of the novel sequence data has shown that the minimum number of genes from each species that need to be compared to produce a reliable phyloge

BACKGROUND: Cerebral metastasis secondary to ovarian cancer is a rare phenomenon. While no clear relationship to known prognostic factors is found, others suggest this as a biologically diverse behavior of ovarian cancer. CASES: In a pilot study, 37 invasive epithelial ovarian cancer samples were analyzed to detect the frequency of BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations in the south of Sweden (results published).