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Early evolutionary branching across spatial domains predisposes to clonal replacement under chemotherapy in neuroblastoma

Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most lethal childhood cancers due to its propensity to become treatment resistant. By spatial mapping of subclone geographies before and after chemotherapy across 89 tumor regions from 12 NBs, we find that densely packed territories of closely related subclones present at diagnosis are replaced under effective treatment by islands of distantly related survivor subc

Patterns of care contacts in the final year of life among opioid overdose fatalities in southern Sweden: a latent class analysis

BackgroundUnderstanding the heterogeneity of opioid overdose fatalities is critical to developing effective preventive interventions. This study examines patterns of care contacts among people who subsequently died from opioid overdose. The aim was to identify distinct groups of deceased individuals, based on their contacts with different care agencies in their last year of life.MethodsA retrospec

Studenter lär sig sämre på engelska

Lärarna underpresterar och studenternas lärande försämras. Så blir det när undervisningen sker på ett språk som varken är lärarnas eller studenternas modersmål, skriver förläggaren Ola Håkansson och forskaren Peter Svensson.

Hand and Arm Function in Persons with De Novo Parkinson’s Disease

Objective: To evaluate hand and arm function and its association with motor symptoms as well as activities of daily living (ADL) in de novo Parkinson’s disease (PD).Background: Motor symptoms and disability in upper limb are common in PD and usually assessed using Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS). Activities, like reaching, grasping, manipulating objects, writing, dressing, and eating, may be more Objective: To evaluate hand and arm function and its association with motor symptoms as well as activities of daily living (ADL) in de novo Parkinson’s disease (PD).Background: Motor symptoms and disability in upper limb are common in PD and usually assessed using Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS). Activities, like reaching, grasping, manipulating objects, writing, dressing, and eating, may be more

Phosphodiesterase 5 and its inhibitors with ischemic heart disease : a Mendelian randomization analysis and a real-world study

BACKGROUND: Accumulating studies reported that several phosphodiesterases (PDEs) inhibitors might have cardiovascular benefits.OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore the relationship between genetically-predicted PDEs and ischemia heart disease via drug target Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, and then examine the effect of inhibitors of identified target on the outcomes by using real-world

Synergistic effects of rivaroxaban and hypothermia or acidosis on coagulation initiation measured with ROTEM ® : a prospective observational study.

BACKGROUND: Hypothermia and acidosis individually inhibit haemostasis. We designed this study with the aim to investigate whether rivaroxaban combined with hypothermia or acidosis exhibit synergistic inhibitory effects on haemostasis using ROTEM ®. METHODS: Patients with a clinical indication to start rivaroxaban treatment were prospectively included. Blood samples were collected before initiation

Ferroelectricity in Ultrathin HfO2-Based Films by Nanosecond Laser Annealing

Nonvolatile memory devices based on ferroelectric HfxZr1-xO2 (HZO) show great promise for back-end integrable storage and for neuromorphic accelerators, but their adoption is held back by the inability to scale down the HZO thickness without violating the strict thermal restrictions of the Si CMOS back end of line. In this work, we overcome this challenge and demonstrate the use of nanosecond puls

Sweden surpasses the UNAIDS 95-95-95 target : estimating HIV-1 incidence, 2003 to 2022

BackgroundSweden reached the UNAIDS 90-90-90 target in 2015. It is important to reassess the HIV epidemiological situation due to ever-changing migration patterns, the roll-out of PrEP and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.AimWe aimed to assess the progress towards the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets in Sweden by estimating the proportion of undiagnosed people with HIV (PWHIV) and HIV incidence trends.M

The productivity effects of regional anchors on local firms in Swedish regions between 2007 and 2019—evidence from an expert-informed machine learning approach

The concept of regional anchor firms remains under-investigated. We analyse the mechanisms by which anchors affect other regional firms, disentangling effects resulting from scale/size vis-à-vis knowledge spillovers. Departing from previous idiographic research, we adopt a nomothetic research design and develop a stepwise expert-informed supervised machine learning approach to identify all anchor

Lack of analgesic effects of transcranial pulsed electromagnetic field stimulation in neuropathic pain patients : A randomized double-blind crossover trial

Background: Neuromodulation is nowadays investigated as a promising method for pain relief. Research indicates that a single 30-minute stimulation with transcranial pulsed electromagnetic fields (tPEMF) can induce analgesic effects. However, it is unknown whether tPEMF can induce analgesia in neuropathic pain patients. Objective: To evaluate the effect of tPEMF on spontaneous pain and heat pain in

Virtual reality-assisted assessment of paranoid ideation in forensic psychiatric inpatients : A mixed-methods pilot study

Background: Reliable and valid assessment of paranoia is important in forensic psychiatry for providing adequate care. VR technology may add to current assessment procedures, as it enables observation within realistic (social) situations resembling the complexity of everyday life. VR constitutes a promising tool within forensics, due to the restricted nature of forensic psychiatric hospitals and e

Advances in immersive virtual reality interventions for mental disorders : A new reality?

Immersive virtual reality (VR) has been identified as a potentially revolutionary tool for psychological interventions. This study reviews current advances in immersive VR-based therapies for mental disorders. VR has the potential to make psychiatric treatments better and more cost-effective and to make them available to a larger group of patients. However, this may require a new generation of VR

Relations between changes in safety behavior, paranoid ideations, cognitive biases, and clinical characteristics of patients with a psychotic disorder over time

Background: Safety behaviors, both positive (maladaptive coping behavior) and negative (avoidance behavior), are used by people with paranoid delusions to avoid perceived threats. Safety behaviors contribute to the persistence of paranoid delusions by preventing disconfirmation of threat beliefs and may influence other psychiatric symptoms. This study investigated how changes in safety behaviors a