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Prompt Proton Decay of a Well-deformed Rotational Band in 58Cu

An excited well-deformed rotational band has been observed in the N = Z odd-odd nucleus Cu-58. The first excited state in this band decays via gamma emission to the spherical states associated with the first minimum in the potential, thus providing for its unambiguous assignment to Cu-58. I, contrast, its bandhead decays via emission of a prompt 2.4(1) MeV proton to an excited state in the daughte

A hypothesis-generating search for new genetic breast cancer syndromes - a national study in 803 Swedish families

Among Swedish families with an inherited predisposition for breast cancer, less than one third segregate mutations in genes known to be associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in combination with other types of tumours. In a search for new putative familial breast cancer syndromes we studied Swedish families undergoing genetic counselling during 1992-2000. Four thousand families from co

Activin receptor-like kinase (ALK)1 is an antagonistic mediator of lateral TGFP/ALK5 signaling

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta) regulates the activation state of the endothelium via two opposing type I receptor/Smad pathways. Activin receptor-like kinase-1 (ALK1) induces Smad1/5 phosphorylation, leading to an increase in endothelial cell proliferation and migration, while ALK5 promotes Smad2/3 activation and inhibits both processes. Here, we report that ALK5 is important for TGFbet

Brain damage and hypoxia in an ovine fetal chronic cocaine model

OBJECTIVE: To assess the development of brain damage in an ovine fetal chronic cocaine model. To evaluate the effect of isolated hypoxic tests on this model and to correlate hemodynamic findings (brain-sparing effect) following fetal hypoxia and the occurrence of brain damage. STUDY DESIGN: Fifteen ewes were divided into a control group (n=7) and a cocaine treated group (n=8). From day 65 to day 1

Lifetime and baseline alcohol intake and risk of colon and rectal cancers in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

Alcohol consumption may be associated with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), but the epidemiological evidence for an association with specific anatomical subsites, types of alcoholic beverages and current vs. lifetime alcohol intake is inconsistent. Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), 478,732 study subjects free of cancer at enrolment between 1992 and 200

Broome and the Intuition of Neutrality

In “Weighing Lives” (2004) John Broome criticizes a view common to many population axiologists. This is the view that population increases with extra people leading decent lives are axiologically neutral: they make the world neither better nor worse, ceteris paribus. Broome argues that this intuition, however, attractive, cannot be sustained, for several independent reasons. I respond to his criti

CXCL14 is an autocrine growth factor for fibroblasts and acts as a multi-modal stimulator of prostate tumor growth

This study explored the role of secreted fibroblast-derived factors in prostate cancer growth. Analyses of matched normal and tumor tissue revealed up-regulation of CXCL14 in cancer-associated fibroblasts of a majority of prostate cancer. Fibroblasts overexpressing CXCL14 promoted the growth of prostate cancer xenografts, and increased tumor angiogenesis and macrophage infiltration. Mechanistic st

Plasticization of poly(lactic acid) with oligomeric malonate esteramides: Dynamic mechanical and thermal film properties

Two oligomeric malonate esteramides and an oligomeric malonate ester were synthesized with the intention to plasticize poly(lactic acid), PLA. The synthesis was performed by reacting diethyl bishydroxymethyl malonate (DBM) with adipoyl dichloride and one of two diamines, that is, triethylene glycol diamine (TA) and polyoxypropylene glycol diamine (PA), or triethylene glycol (TEG), giving three pla

Geographical variation in the timing of breeding and moult in dunlin Calidris alpina on the Palearctic tundra

Studies of how organisms are adapted to regional climatic conditions are valuable when predicting the effects of global climatic changes on biota. Here we report on the geographical variation in timing of breeding and moult of an Arctic breeding wader, the dunlin (Calidris alpina). The Palearctic study sites range latitudinally between 68 and 76 degreesN and longitudinally between 46 and 179 degre

Implicit versus explicit solvent in free energy calculations of enzyme catalysis: Methyl transfer catalyzed by catechol O-methyltransferase

We compare free energy calculations for the methyl transfer reaction catalyzed by catechol O-methyltransferase using the quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical free energy method with implicit and explicit solvents. An analogous methylation reaction in a solution is also studied. For the explicit solvent model, we use the three-point transferable intermolecular potential model, and for the implic

Shared and distinct structural features of interstitial proteoglycans from different bovine tissues revealed by electron microscopy

Large and small interstitial proteoglycans were purified from different bovine tissues, i.e. cartilage, sclera, tendon, aorta, cornea, and bone. The structure of the molecules was compared using the glycerol spraying/rotary shadowing technique for electron microscopy. Large proteoglycans from sclera and tendon have a core protein with a domain structure similar to that previously reported for cart

Co expression of SCF and KIT in gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) suggests an autocrine/paracrine mechanism

KIT is a tyrosine kinase receptor expressed by several tumours, which has for specific ligand the stem cell factor (SCF). KIT is the main oncogene in gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs), and gain-of-function KIT mutations are present in 70% of these tumours. The aim of the study was to measure and investigate the mechanisms of KIT activation in 80 KIT-positive GIST patients. KIT activation wa

Characterization of prototype self-nanoemulsifying formulations of lipophilic compounds

This study describes the evaluation and characterization of a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) consisting of a nonionic surfactant (Cremophor RH40), a mixture of long chain mono-, di-, and triacylglycerides (Maisine 35-1 and Sesame oil) and ethanol. Compositions containing 10% (w/w) ethanol, 40%-60% (w/w) lipid content, and 30%-50% (w/w) Cremophor RH40 were identified as pharmace

Climate and environment on the Karelian Isthmus, northwestern Russia, 13000-9000 cal. yrs BP

Sediment sequences retrieved from Lake Medvedevskoye (60degrees13'N 29degrees54'E) and Lake Pastorskoye (60degrees13'N, 30degrees02'E). Karelian Isthmus, northwestern Russia, were analysed for lithology, pollen and diatom stratigraphy, total organic carbon content and mineral magnetic parameters. Age control for both sequences was provided by AMS C-14 measurements and the Vedde Ash tephra. The rec

The IgD C(H)1 region contains the binding site for the human respiratory pathogen Moraxella catarrhalis IgD-binding protein MID.

The Moraxella catarrhalis IgD-binding protein (MID) has a unique specificity for human IgD, and the sequence with maximal IgD binding is located within the amino acids MID962-1200. In the present paper, we examined the MID binding site on IgD using a series of recombinant Ig. Full-length IgD, IgD F(ab')(2), and an IgD F(ab') C290R mutant lacking the inter-heavy-chain cysteine 290 were manufactured