This review with 60 references describes a unique path to miniaturisation, that is, the use of acoustic levitation in analytical and bioanalytical chemistry applications. Levitation of small volumes of sample by means of a levitation technique can be used as a way to avoid solid walls around the sample, thus circumventing the main problem of miniaturisation, the unfavourable surface-to-volume rati

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Radiotherapy treatment planning algorithms continue to develop and current planning systems typically offer simpler, but faster, algorithms, which may be 2, 2.5 or 3D in modelling scatter, but which do not model electron transport (type a) and more accurate algorithms which aim to be fully 3D, i.e. which model 3D scatter and also model electron transport (type b). A range o

OBJECTIVE: Cardiotocography plus automatic ST analysis of the fetal electrocardiography has been shown recently to reduce both the operative delivery rate for fetal distress and the cord artery metabolic acidosis rate. The purpose of this study was to analyze findings that were related to cases with a complicated/adverse neonatal outcome in the Swedish randomized controlled trial. STUDY DESIGN: Of

Objective-Hyperglycemia has been suggested to play a role in the development of vascular disease associated with diabetes. Atypical Ca2+ signaling and gene expression are characteristic of vascular dysfunction; however, little is known regarding the effects of high glucose on Ca2+-dependent transcription in the vascular wall. Methods and Results-Using confocal immunofluorescence, we show that mode

We monitored the development of intraradical and extraradical mycelia of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi Scutellospora calospora and Glomus intraradices when colonizing Plantago lanceolata. The occurrence of arbuscules (branched hyphal structures) and vesicles (lipid storage organs) was compared with the amounts of signature fatty acids. The fatty acid 16:1omega5 was used as a signature for

Objective. To study possible social predictors for reduction of hyperlipidaemia in subjects offered lifestyle intervention in primary health care after an opportunistic screening. Setting. Primary health care in Sollentuna, Sweden. Design. Follow-up study of changes in high lipid levels in men and women aged 20-60 years participating in a voluntary screening and cardiovascular prevention programme

Background: During the past few decades Sweden has developed into a multicultural society. The proportion of patients with different cultural backgrounds increases, which naturally makes new demands on health care staff. Aim: To identify whether staff in somatic and psychiatric emergency care experienced problems in the care of migrants, and if so to compare these. Method: The study design was exp

Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase- 4 ( DPP- 4) is currently being explored as a new approach to the treatment of type 2 diabetes. This concept has emerged from the powerful and rapid action of the enzyme to inactivate glucagon- like peptide-1 ( GLP- 1). However, other bioactive peptides with potential influence of islet function are also substrates of DPP- 4. Whether this inactivation may add to

Dilute dispersions of the synthetic bilayer forming double-chained cationic lipid dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB) were investigated. In dispersions sonicated above the chain melting temperature T-m (approximate to45 degreesC) it was found by H NMR that about 50% of the surfactant chains remained fluid when the samples were cooled to room temperature, which is 20 degreesC below T-m. In

Recently, we introduced a new approach to chiral separation and analysis of amino acids by chiral complexation and electrospray high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry coupled to mass spectrometry (ESI-FAIMS-MS). In the present work, we extended this approach to the separation of the drug compound terbutaline. Terbutaline enantiomers were complexed with metal ions and an amino aci

This paper discusses the restrictions that dissipation forces on the material parameters and responses of bi-anisotropic media. The treatment is a general time domain analysis where six-vector formalism is applied. Energy conditions set limitations on the optical response dyadics and dyadic susceptibility kernels of the material that have to be satisfied regardless the time dependence of the field

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of gemeprost on utero-placental and luteal circulation and on the embryo/fetus in normal first trimester pregnancies. STUDY DESIGN: Sixty-seven women with a normal first trimester pregnancy requesting termination of pregnancy for psychosocial reasons were randomly allocated to pre-operative treatment with vaginal suppositories containing placebo or gemeprost. The

Aim: Interaction with the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABA(A)R) complex is recognized as an important component of the mechanism of many anaesthetic agents, including propofol. The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of propofol on GABA(A)R, to determine whether exposure of neurones to propofol influences the localization of GABA(A)R within the cell and to look for cytoskeletal

In this paper we use coding theory to give simple explanations of some recent results on universal hashing. We first apply our approach to give a precise and elegant analysis of the Wegman-Carter construction for authentication codes. Using Reed-Solomon codes and the well known concept of concatenated codes we can then give some new constructions, which require much less key size than previously k

Phosphorylation of oestrogen receptor alpha at serine 305 (ERalphaS305-P) induces tamoxifen resistance in experimental studies, but does not influence response to other endocrine agents, such as fulvestrant. We evaluated ERalphaS305-P using immunohistochemistry in 377 breast carcinomas from premenopausal participants of a randomized trial (n = 248) and patients with advanced disease (n = 129). Amo

Capsule: Savi’s Warblers preferred sites dominated by high and dense Juncus and Rubus with thick litter, and avoided pure reeds; predation was higher in sites with less litter. Aim: To describe nest-site selection and identify which habitat and nest features influence predation risk. Methods: Comparisons were made between habitat characteristics measured at nest-sites and random points, and betwee

In the recently completed and formally ratified new series and stage classification of the Ordovician System, the base of the Middle Ordovician Series coincides with the base of the global Dapingian Stage. In the Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of this stage, which is located at Huanghuachang in southern China, the base of the Dapingian Stage is defined its the level of first appearance

Background: Many patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) are not managed adequately, and we often fail to reach treatment targets. Aim: To investigate if knowledge of risk factors for CHD, measured by a questionnaire, would show any relation to advice to compliance to lifestyle changes to attain treatment goals and adherence to drug therapy. Method: Men and women