Background. Thrombotic vascular occlusion resulting in infarction occurs during hyperacute rejection of allografts transplanted into sensitized patients and remains a major problem in experimental xenotransplantation. A similar process is also found in disorders of diverse etiology including atherosclerosis, vasculitis, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Methods. We have previously constr

Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is a complication of severe ischemic stroke after revascularization. Patients with low platelet counts do not receive reperfusion therapies due to high risk of HT. The immunomodulatory drug fingolimod attenuated HT after tissue plasminogen activator in a thromboembolic stroke model, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. Fingolimod acts on several sphingosine-1-ph

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This study investigates astrocytic glutamate uptake in the iron-induced animal model of posttraumatic epilepsy. Since formation of free radicals may be involved in epileptogenesis after brain trauma and hemorrhage the effects of the nitrone radical scavenger alpha-phenyl-tert-N-butyl nitrone (PBN) were also studied. Animals received an intracortical iron injection, or were sham-operated. They were

BACKGROUND: Triage is widely used in the emergency department (ED) in order to identify the patient's level of urgency and often based on the patient's chief complaint and vital signs. Age has been shown to be independently associated with short term mortality following an ED visit. However, the most commonly used ED triage tools do not include age as an independent core variable. The aim of this

Intestinal mononuclear phagocytes, comprising macrophages (Mφs) and dendritic cells (DCs), play important roles in the generation and the regulation of immune responses to intestinal antigens, and alterations in the development and/or the function of these cells are thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. In this review, we discuss the role of tumor necrosis factor

This randomized double-blind placebo controlled study assessed the vaginal colonization of lactic acid bacteria and clinical outcome. Vaginal capsules containing L gasseri LN40, Lactobacillus fermentum LN99, L. casei subsp. rhamnosus LN113 and P. acidilactici LN23, or placebos were administered for five days to 95 women after conventional treatment of bacterial vaginosis and/or vulvovaginal candid

The objective of this study was to investigate whether the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA), which binds to HLA class II and T-cell receptor Vβ chains, can direct cytotoxic T cells to lyse cytokine-stimulated endothelial cells (EC). In addition, we wanted to determine whether SEA- primed cytotoxic T cells could be targeted to EC surface molecules as a means of a novel cancer immunot

A possible solution to the chronic shortage of allografts is xenotransplantation, the use of tissue from an animal donor. Most experts believe that the pig will provide the most suitable solid organs for use in human beings. Although porcine organs are rapidly rejected by a process called hyperacute rejection (HAR), there is hope that several novel therapeutic strategies, already tested in animal

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OBJECT: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between hemodynamics (intracranial and systemic) and brain tissue energy metabolism, and between hemodynamics and glutamate (Glt)-glutamine (Gln) cycle activity.METHODS: Brain interstitial levels of lactate, pyruvate, Glt, and Gln were prospectively monitored in the neurointensive care unit for more than 3600 hours using intracerebral m

Background and objectives:Health anxiety is a common problem and is associated with frequent primary carevisits, increased health care costs, and poor prognosis and low recovery rates. Previous research shows thatimagery rescripting (IR) is a promising treatment technique for various disorders. To date, IR has not beenexamined as a viable treatment for health anxiety. The purpose of the present fe

This article experimentally investigates the performance of two control methods (the supply water temperature method and the water flow control method)for a direct-ground cooling system. The control methods were implemented through three types of indoor feedback controllers: 1)an on/off controller, 2)an on/off controller with a deadband and 3)P controller. The performances of the control methods w