Endurance-trained subjects and sedentary controls increase ventricular contractility and efficiency during exercise : Feasibility of hemodynamics assessed by non-invasive pressure-volume loops
Introduction Pressure-volume (PV) loops can be used to assess both load-dependent and load-independent measures of cardiac hemodynamics. However, analysis of PV loops during exercise is challenging as it requires invasive measures. Using a novel method, it has been shown that left ventricular (LV) PV loops at rest can be obtained non-invasively from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and bra