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The paper presents novel studies on the impact of different ignition control parameters on combustion stability and spark plug wear. First, experimental results from a 32.4-liter biogas fueled large bore single cylinder spark ignition engine are discussed. Two different ignition systems were considered in the experiment: a DC inductive and an AC capacitive. The spark plugs used in the experiment w

This contribution is an analysis of the philosophical construction of the dignity of the human, with a critical but hopefully constructive engagement with Dan Egonsson’s reflections on social attitudes about the dignity of humanity and how and why moral philosophers ought to account for then. I agree that philosophers should account for actual social attitudes, but my discussion will tend towards

Unga vuxna nämns ofta som bland de mest ekonomiskt utsatta grupperna och Sverige karakteriseras ofta som ett av de länder i EU som har de mest skuldsatta hushållen. Även om hushållens skuldsättning främst är kopplad till bostadslån, har även andra former av kreditanvändning blivit allt vanligare. Mot bakgrund av en ökande tillgången till lättillgängliga konsumentkrediter, en tuff bostadsmarknad meYoung adults are often mentioned as among the most financially vulnerable groups, and Sweden is often characterized as being one of the countries in the EU with the most indebted households. While this houshold indebtedness mainly is linked to home loans, also other forms of credit usage have become increasingly common. Given the increasing access to readily availabe consumer credits, a difficult

An aging population is associated with an increased prevalence of cognitive decline and related diseases. Gradual cognitive decline is a natural feature of aging, but may also develop into a more severe loss of cognitive function, manifesting as mild cognitive impairment or severe cognitive disease. Currently, no medical treatments can fully prevent these conditions or diseases. One approach is to

Drought monitoring and prediction have important roles in various aspects of hydrological studies. In the current research, the standardized precipitation index (SPI) was monitored and predicted in Peru between 1990 and 2015. The current study proposed a hybrid model, called ANN-FA, for SPI prediction in various time scales (SPI3, SPI6, SPI18, and SPI24). A state-of-the-art firefly algorithm (FA)

Contemporary entrepreneurial education (EE) has global reach and impact, with a growing number of entrepreneurship courses, specializations, and degrees in all parts of the world. There is no longer a question of the significance and demand for EE in the higher education system. At the same time, the interest in scientific knowledge and proven experience of “what works” has accelerated, resulting

Cars are nowadays being programmed to learn how to drive themselves. While autonomous cars are often portrayed as the next step in the auto-motive industry, they have already begun roaming the streets in some US cities. Building on a growing body of critical scholarship on the development of autonomous cars, we explore what machine learning is in open environments like cities by juxtaposing this t

Systems that interact with the environment around them generally run some periodic tasks. This class of systems include, among others, embedded control systems. Embedded controllers have been proven vulnerable to various security attacks, including attacks that alter sensor and actuator data and attacks that disrupt the calculation of the control signals. In this paper, we propose, and implement,

In this paper, we present a heuristic method for adapting a networked linear feedback controller to improve its robustness to timing complications, such as long delays, aborted computations, and dropped packets. The core concept of the approach is to log successful sampling and actuation events and then, at discrete time-points, use non-convex parametric optimization to improve the expected perfor

Deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) with the Bosch process is one of the key procedures used to manufacture micron-sized structures for MEMS and microfluidic applications in silicon and, hence, of increasing importance for miniaturisation in biomedical research. While guaranteeing high aspect ratio structures and providing high design flexibility, the etching procedure suffers from reactive ion etchi

Despite a long history and the vast number of applications demonstrated, very few market products incorporate acoustophoresis. Because a human operator must run and control a device during an experiment, most devices are limited to proof of concepts. On top of a possible detuning due to temperature changes, the human operator introduces a bias which reduces the reproducibility, performance and rel

Comprehensive integration of process steps into a miniaturised version of synthetic biology workflows remains a crucial task in automating the design of biosystems. However, each of these process steps has specific demands with respect to the environmental conditions, including in particular the composition of the surrounding fluid, which makes integration cumbersome. As a case in point, transform

Acoustically excited microstructures have demonstrated significant potential for small-scale biomedical applications by overcoming major microfluidic limitations. Recently, the application of oscillating microbubbles has demonstrated their superiority over acoustically excited solid structures due to their enhanced acoustic streaming at low input power. However, their limited temporal stability hi

We study sharp-edge structures that are used in microfluidic systems for particle and cell manipulation. Experiments show that oscillating sharp edges can attract or repel particles suspended in a microfluidic channel. This effect is caused by acoustic radiation forces induced by sharp edges. We propose an analytical theory that allows one to evaluate the acoustic radiation force produced by a sha

Droplet microfluidics enables high-throughput screening of single cells and is particularly valuable for applications, where the secreted compounds are analyzed. Typically, optical methods are employed for analysis, which are limited in their applicability as labeling protocols are required. Alternative label-free methods such as mass spectrometry would broaden the range of assays but are harmful

The effect of acoustic streaming produced by sharp-edge structures is used in a variety of microfluidic applications, such as fluid mixing, pumping and particle manipulation. Since most investigations into this effect are experimental, there is a necessity in theoretical studies that could provide a deeper insight into the mechanism of the acoustic streaming and point out ways for optimizing acous

Two-dimensional (2D) metal-particle focusing is an essential task for various fabrication processes. While acoustofluidic devices can manipulate particles in two-dimensions, the production of these devices often demands a cleanroom environment. Therefore, acoustically excited glass capillaries present a cheap alternative to labor-intensive cleanroom production. Here, we present 2D metal microparti

BACKGROUND: Periampullary cancer is a term for cancers arising in or in close proximity to the pancreas. Pancreatic cancer is the 3rd leading cause of cancer death for both sexes and while surgery is the only option for cure, chemotherapy is given in both the adjuvant and palliative settings. The aim of this study was to investigate any sex and gender differences in patients with pancreatic and ot

Acoustic correlates of physical effort are still poorly understood, even though effort is vocally communicated in a variety of contexts with crucial fitness consequences, including both confrontational and reproductive social interactions. In this study 33 lay participants spoke during a brief, but intense isometric hold (L-sit), first without any voice-related instructions, and then asked either