Degraded electron beams, as used for intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) or similar complicated dosimetric situations, have different characteristics compared to conventional electron therapy beams. If international dosimetry protocols are applied in a direct manner to such degraded beams, uncertainties will be introduced in the absorbed dose determination. The Monte Carlo method has been used

The purpose of this study was to develop new prediction equations for flow/volume spirometry parameters in asymptomatic, never-smoking adults in Norway, and to assess any differences of these parameters when applying the new and most commonly used equation sets. Flow/volume spirometry was measured according to the American Thoracic Society criteria in 2,792 subjects aged > or = 20 yrs, randomly se

BACKGROUND: TNFalpha may contribute to the pathophysiology of airway inflammation. For example, we have recently shown that nasal administration of TNFalpha produces late phase co-appearance of granulocyte and plasma exudation markers on the mucosal surface. The objective of the present study was to examine indices of granulocyte presence and activity in response to intranasal TNFalpha challenge.

Many bird species demonstrate a variable mating system, with some males being monogamously mated and other males able to attract more than one mate. This variation in avian mating systems is often explained in terms of potential costs of sharing breeding partners and compensation for such costs. However, whenever there is a difference in the optimal mating system for males and females, a sexual co

The story I shall recount started in 1969, when I was given the opportunity to join the Department of Clinical Chemistry at the University Hospital in Malmo. I had just finished medical school at the university in the neighboring town of Lund. Parallel to pursuing my medical studies I had spent some time in the Department of Biochemistry. I did not know much about biochemistry, but it was enough f

The evaluation of chondroid lesions requires full integration of clinical, radiographic, and pathological data; tumour typing is often a challenge for the diagnostic pathologist. Although a variety of chromosomal abnormalities have been documented in chondroid lesions, the potential usefulness of cytogenetic analysis remains unclear. This study has critically reviewed and analysed 117 karyotyped s

Opinions differ widely on the various treatment protocols for sustained increase in intracranial pressure (ICP). This review focuses on the physiological volume regulation of the intracranial compartments. Based on these mechanisms we describe a protocol called 'volume-targeted' ('Lund concept') for treatment of increased ICP. The driving force for transcapillary fluid exchange is determined by th

The 1,3-bis[di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]azulene 1 and 1,3-bis[di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]azulene-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester 2 were synthesized and investigated by spectroscopic and electrochemical methods in order to estimate the electronic coupling between the attached amine redox centers. We found that the electronic coupling V which is mediated by a nonalternant 1,3-azulene bridge in the radical

In an experiment combining a state-of-the-art visible laser system with the vacuum ultraviolet beamline I411 at the storage ring MAX II, shakedown satellite lines in the 2p photoelectron emission of excited Na atoms have been observed. A close investigation of these lines shows a strong dependency of the line intensities from the linear polarization angle of the laser light. The shakedown electron

During the last 15 years cycles with CO, capture have been in focus, due to the growing concern over our climate. Often, a natural gas fired combined cycle with a chemical absorption plant for CO, capture from the flue gases have been used as a reference in comparisons between cycles. Neither the integration of the steam production for regeneration of amines in the combined cycle nor the off-desig

Reactions of [H2Os3(CO)10] with a series of diynes, RC2C2R' (1: R = Ph, R' = CH2OH; 2: R = Ph, R' = C(O)Ph; 3: R = R' = C(OH)Me2), have been studied. It was found that upon coordination to the triosmium cluster, the nucleophilic oxygens of the R' substituents of 1 and 2 take part in intramolecular cyclization reactions to give [HOs3(CO)10{-1:2-PhCH2(C=CH-C=CH-O)}] (5) and [HOs3(CO)10{-1:1-Ph(C=CH-

Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) comprises 27 centres from 11 countries. An inception cohort of 918 SLE patients has been assembled according to a standardized protocol between 2000 and 2006. Clinical features, classic coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors, as well as other potential risk factors were collected. Of the 918 patients 89% were females, and of multi raci

Background Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction is associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This population-based study explored whether low FEV(1) or low vital capacity (VC) is associated with autonomic dysfunction, as measured by the spontaneous heart rate variability (HRV) and systolic BP variability (SBPV). Methods SBPV and HRV were recorded during 5 min of control

Metal electrode structures for biosensors with a high spatial density and similar to85 nm gaps have been produced using focused megaelectronvolt (MeV) proton beam writing of poly-(methyl methacrylate) positive resist combined with metal lift-off. The minimal proximity exposure and straight proton trajectories in (similar to100 nm) resist layers for focused MeV proton beam writing are strongly indi

Long distance migration has evolved in many organisms moving through different media and using various modes of locomotion and transport. Migration continues to evolve or become suppressed as shown by ongoing dynamic and rapid changes of migration patterns. This great evolutionary flexibility may seem surprising for such a complex attribute as migration. Even if migration in most cases has evolved

With the objective to correlate clonogenicity, gene expression and phenotype during differentiation, human bone marrow CD34+ cells were cultured in vitro to stimulate erythroid or neutrophil development, and sorted into five subpopulations according to their surface expression of CD15/CD33 and blood group antigen A/CD117 respectively. Sorted cells were cultured in methylcellulose and analysed by r