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Evolution is often uneven in its pace and outcomes, with long periods of stasis interrupted by abrupt increases in morphological and ecological disparity. With thousands of gene histories, phylogenomics can uncover the genomic signatures of these broad macroevolutionary trends. Diatoms are a species-rich lineage of microeukaryotes that contribute greatly to the global cycling of carbon, oxygen, an
We consider a system of particles lined up on a finite interval in a 3-dimensional space with Coulomb interactions between the nearest and next to the nearest neighbours. This model was introduced by Malyshev (Probl Inf Transm 51(1):31–36, 2015) to study the flow of charged particles. The distribution of spacings between the consecutive particles is of interest. Notably, even the nearest-neighbour
Context. The blue supergiant (BSG) domain contains a large variety of stars whose past and future evolutionary paths are still highly uncertain. Since binary interaction plays a crucial role in the fate of massive stars, investigating the multiplicity among BSGs helps shed light on the fate of such objects. Aims. We aim to estimate the binary fraction of a large sample of BSGs in the Small Magella
Code review is a well-established and valued practice in the software engineering community contributing to both code quality and interpersonal benefits. However, there are challenges in both tools and processes that give rise to misalignments and frustrations. Recent research seeks to address this by automating code review entirely, but we believe that this risks losing the majority of the interp
Recent experimental results by the surface force apparatus (SFA) have identified a dramatic deviation from previously established theories of simple electrolytes. This deviation, referred to as anomalous underscreening, suggests that the range of electrostatic interactions increase upon a further addition of salt, beyond some threshold concentration (usually about 1 M). In this theoretical work, w
This chapter explains that the causation inquiry performed by the European Court of Human Rights for determining breach of positive obligations has to be understood in light of the normative structural considerations that underpin state responsibility under the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). In particular, the responsibility system is not shaped by the corrective justice rationale tha
Given the lack of clarity and the unstructured - or rather, entirely absent - approach to causation in human rights law, this edited volume aims to disentangle the various ways in which causation plays a role in establishing state responsibility under the ECHR. The volume brings together contributions that offer theoretical and analytical perspectives, in-depth examinations of ECHR case law, and c
The abrupt relaxation of COVID-19 control measures in China in December 2022 created acute pressures on paediatric healthcare services. We retrospectively evaluated patient visits, healthcare staffing and hospitalisation costs at Wuxi Children’s Hospital, a tertiary paediatric centre. Despite over 40% staff absenteeism due to COVID-19, essential paediatric services remained operational through fle
This study explored a new method for nursing staff's work with collaborative violence risk management, to be used in forensic psychiatric inpatient settings. The components of the method, the background to, and the rationale for collaborative risk management in forensic mental health settings were outlined. An inductive content analysis of 50 of these collaborative violence risk management plans w
The work presented in this dissertation is dedicated to the characterization of the excited state dynamics of thin films through time-resolved spectroscopy, with emphasis on developing a methodology that is able to resolve weak transient absorption signals from optically thin films. With this aim, the conventional transient absorption spectroscopy method is first utilized to characterize semicondu
The development of sustainable photosensitiser complexes based on Earth-abundant metallic elements is important for sustainable solar energy conversion and green synthesis through photocatalysis. We report the synthesis and characterisation of a new bis(tripodal) iron(III) N-heterocyclic carbene complex [Fe(PhB{impy}3)2]+ (PhB{impy}3 = phenyltris(imidazo-[1,5-a]-pyridinylidene)borate) featuring -e
In septic shock, administration of large fluid volumes is associated with poor outcomes. Recent evidence shows that non-resuscitation fluids are the major modifiable source of fluids for patients with septic shock in intensive care units (ICUs). This clinical trial is designed to test the hypothesis that restrictive administration of non-resuscitation fluids improves outcomes compared to usual car
The human cathelicidin LL-37 is active against both bacteria and viruses, but it also shows immunomodulatory properties. Here, we assess the impact of LL-37 on viral signaling in human airway epithelial BEAS-2B cells infected with the respiratory pathogen rhinovirus (RV). We show that LL-37 (4 μM) enhances RV-induced expression of interferon β (IFNβ) transcript and reduces viral-load. LL-37-evoked
Ordered arrays of nanocrystals, called supercrystals, have attracted significant attention owing to the collective quantum effects arising from the coupling between neighboring nanocrystals. In particular, lead halide perovskite nanocrystals are widely used because of the combination of the optical properties and faceted cubic shape, which enables the formation of highly ordered supercrystals. The
We carried out the first high-resolution transit observations of the exoplanet WASP-49 Ab with Keck/HIRES. Upon custom wavelength calibration we achieve a Doppler RV precision of < 60 m s−1. . This is an improvement in RV stability of roughly 240 m s−1 with respect to the instrument standard. We report an average sodium flux residual of (Formula presented) per cent t (8.0σ) comparable to previous
The presence of microplastics (MPs) in water represents a current problem for marine life and a future serious issue for human health. This is pushing towards new approaches for the removal of MPs and, hence, their characterization and evaluation, which up to now has represented a limit for tentative procedures for their degradation. Herein, we reported on a new facile, in situ and non-destructive
Super-resolution microscopy (SRM) has revolutionized life sciences by overcoming the diffraction limit, enabling the visualization of biological structures at the nanoscale. Expansion Microscopy (ExM) has emerged as a powerful and accessible technique that enhances resolution by physically enlarging the specimen. Importantly, the principles of ExM provide a unique foundation for combinations with
