The Neotropics harbour the most diverse flora and fauna on Earth. The Andes are a major centre of diversification and source of diversity for adjacent areas in plants and vertebrates, but studies on insects remain scarce, even though they constitute the largest fraction of terrestrial biodiversity. Here, we combine molecular and morphological characters to generate a dated phylogeny of the butterf

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), also known as autoimmune diabetes, is a chronic disease characterized by insulin deficiency due to pancreatic β-cell loss and leads to hyperglycaemia. Although the age of symptomatic onset is usually during childhood or adolescence, symptoms can sometimes develop much later. Although the aetiology of T1DM is not completely understood, the pathogenesis of the diseas

Visual abilities of the honey bee have been studied for more than 100 years, recently revealing unexpectedly sophisticated cognitive skills rivalling those of vertebrates. However, the physiological limits of the honey bee eye have been largely unaddressed and only studied in an unnatural, dark state. Using a bright display and intracellular recordings, we here systematically investigated the angu

Light-frame timber buildings are often stabilized against lateral loads by using diaphragm action of roofs, floors and walls. The mechanical behavior of the sheathing-to-framing joints has a significant impact on the structural performance of shear walls. Most sheathing-to-framing joints show nonlinear load-displacement characteristics with plastic behavior. This paper is focused on the finite ele

N2O is currently the third most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas in terms of radiative forcing and its atmospheric mole fraction is rising steadily. To quantify the growth rate and its causes over the past decades, we performed a multi-site reconstruction of the atmospheric N2O mole fraction and isotopic composition using new and previously published firn air data collected from Greenland an

The geo-political transition in 1989-91 had long term consequences for the European integration process. The integration and regionalisation processes following the transition resulted in a transformation of territorial borders in and around the region; the functions of the borders changed. Mobility is vital for these processes. This paper is based on a longitudinal study of the development of air

Near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) measurements at the oxygen K edge were combined with theoretical spectrum simulations, based on periodic density functional theory and nuclear quantum dynamics, to investigate the electronic structure and chemical bonding in kaolinite Al2Si2O5(OH)4. We simulated NEXAFS spectra of all crystallographica

In this article, I scrutinize three art, design, and architecture projects engaging with “cultured,” or “in vitro,” meat (primarily muscle cells cultured outside of bodies) to illuminate the entanglements of academic and extra-academic environments that have characterized cultured meat’s history to date, and the conversations that this technology has spurred. In envisioning new ways of eating, and

We explain the composition of gold alloy particle seeded InGaAs nanowires in the nucleation limited regime. We use binary nucleation modeling to account for the nucleation of InGaAs from a supersaturated quaternary liquid alloy particle containing Au, In, Ga, and As. In our modeling we use realistic chemical potential differences between the seed particle and the nanowire. The chemical potentials

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) remains the leading cause of sudden cardiac death in the young. Early markers for HCM are important to identify individuals at risk. The aim of this study was to investigate novel serum biomarkers reflecting myocardial remodeling, microfibrosis, and vascular endotheliopathy in the early stages of familial HCM in young patients. Twenty-three HCM patients, 16 HCM-ri

Objectives: Clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of vedolizumab in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, these findings may not reflect the clinical practice. Therefore, we aimed to describe a vedolizumab-treated patient population and assess long-term effectiveness. Materials and methods: Patients initiating vedolizumab between 1 June 2014 and 30 May 2015 were identified through th

Frequent visitors at the psychiatric emergency room (PER) constitute a small subgroup of patients, yet they are responsible for a disproportionate number of visits and thus claim considerable resources. Their needs are often left unmet and their repetitive visits reflect their dissatisfaction as well as that of PERs' staff. Motivated by these dilemmas, this study systematically reviews the literat

Evaluation of anti-proliferative effect of BSA-1 and 32/26/2B in Y79 retinoblastoma cancer cells.

Dissociative double photoionization of cyclopropane is studied in the inner-valence region using tunable synchrotron radiation. With the aid of ab initio quantum chemical calculations the energies of dication states and their favoured fragmentation pathways are determined. These are compared to the experimental appearance energies of two-body fragmentation processes and to the kinetic energy relea