Selection on traits conferring reduced predation may be opposed by selection on other traits associated with reproduction. Here, we examined the hypothesis that traits associated with reproduction in Gammarus pulex are driven by predation. We studied G. pulex originating from ponds with two different kinds of predator regimes: (1) ponds with fish-often large, non-gap-limited predators and (2) pond

We have studied the dielectric properties of cement mortars, with water/cement ratios between 0.5 and 0.78, in the frequency range 10−3≤f≤107 Hz. The dielectric response can be modeled by an equivalent circuit incorporating electrode polarization and bulk conduction. The bulk dc conductance and the amplitude of a constant phase element describing the dispersive part of the bulk response display ch

This paper addresses whether or not there is a relationship between a young science-based firm's patterns of connections and the associated resource flows, and its performance. Hypotheses derived from the literature are tested in relation to three performance indicators: inventiveness, innovativeness and employment. Analyzing a set of firms in Sweden, Ohio and Massachusetts, working with biocompat

The need for ad hoc networks arises when a number of mobile nodes gather in one particular location and form autonomous networks. Ad hoc networks can be adjoined to the Internet, introducing routing and addressing issues that require new features from ad hoc networking protocols. The Internet Gateway can offer global addressability and bidirectional Internet connectivity to every node in the ad ho

We study how the dimension of the invariant set of an interval map with a hole depends on the size of the hole. Under some assumptions on the map, it is shown that the derivative of the dimension with respect to the size of the hole is bounded and that the dimension is bounded away from zero.

Angiogenesis occurs in the brains of Parkinson's disease patients, but the effects of dopamine replacement therapy on this process have not been examined. Using rats with 6-hydroxydopamine lesions, we have compared angiogenic responses induced in the basal ganglia by chronic treatment with either L-DOPA, or bromocriptine, or a selective D1 receptor agonist (SKF38393). Moreover, we have asked wheth

Normally, contractual conceptions of intergenerational justice regard the responsibility held by each generation as symmetrical. This article argues that the late modern society has created an asymmetry because of its unprecendented instrumental and destructive capacity. Historically unique risks such as thermonuclear destruction, global ecological deprivation, and resource depletion all point at

Antibody-based microarrays are a new powerful proteomic technology that can be used to generate rapid and detailed expression profiles of defined sets of protein analytes in complex samples as well as high-resolution portraits of entire proteomes. Miniaturized micro- and nanoarrays can be printed with numerous antibodies carrying the desired specificities. Multiplexed and ultra-sensitive assays, s

An in-house-made alignment system for deep X-ray lithography is presented that features low costs, low weight and little demand in space. Synchrotron radiation illuminates alignment marks on mask and substrate. The radiation transmitted through these alignment marks is detected by X-ray-sensitive diodes. The mask is fixed to the vacuum chamber, whereas the substrate is mounted on a six-axis kinema

The involvement of Helicobacter pylori in the pathogenesis of extragastric diseases continues to be an interesting topic in the field of Helicobacter-related pathology. Although conflicting findings have been reported for most of the disorders, a role of H. pylori seems to be important especially for the development of cardiovascular and hematologic disorders. Previously isolated human and animal

Magnesium chelatase catalyses the insertion of Mg2+ into protoporphyrin and is found exclusively in organisms which synthesise chlorophyll or bacteriochlorophyll. Soluble protein preparations containing >10 mg protein/ml, obtained by gentle lysis of barley plastids and Rhodobacter sphaeroplasts, inserted Mg2+ into deuteroporphyrin IX in the presence of ATP at rates of 40 and 8 pmoles/mg protein pe

To determine which chemokine receptors might be involved in T lymphocyte localization to the intestinal mucosa, we examined receptor expression on human intestinal lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL), intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) and CD45RO+beta7hi gut homing peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). Virtually all LPL and IEL expressed CXCR3 and CCR5, receptors that have been associated with Th1(Tc1)/

One of the outstanding challenges for evolutionary biologists is to understand how developmental plasticity can influence the evolutionary process. Developmental plasticity frequently involves parental effects, which might enable adaptive and context-dependent transgenerational transmission of phenotypic strategies. However, parent-offspring conflict will frequently result in parental effects that

Subungual exostosis is a benign bone- and cartilage-producing tumor occurring in the hands and feet of children and young adults. The recent identification of a recurrent chromosomal translocation t(X;6)(q24-q26;q15-21) in short-term-cultured tumor cells strongly suggests that subungual exostosis is a neoplastic lesion caused by rearrangement of genes in the two breakpoints. To identify the genes