Genom denna uppsats kommer jag redogöra för lagstiftningsverktyget stoppskrivelser för att få en djupare förståelse för vad det är. För att göra detta har jag använt mig av förarbetena till företeelsen, en undersökning av stoppskrivelseinstitutet genomförd av professor Robert Påhlsson samt litteratur. Sverige har ett grundlagsstadgat skatterättsligt retroaktivitetsförbud som innebär att man i efteThe constitution of Sweden, has a statutory tax-law retroactivity ban which stipulates that in hindsight one person can’t be responsible to the State for taxes that weren’t taxable at the time of the transaction. But we also have an exception saying that, in cases where the government submits a cease order to the parliament and if the parliament considers that “special reasons” exist for retroacti

Dust explosions in the process industry can have devastating consequences. The purpose of this work was to study the risks of dust explosions with metal dusts. It was also to provide an overview of the state of knowledge supplemented with laboratory scale experiments for different materials mainly to gain an understanding of the basic mechanisms. The experiments have been made with powder from dif

In this thesis I seek to understand why a majority of the Afghans that have migrated to Europe during the last decade belong to the Hazara ethnicity. Reports claim that the situation has improved dramatically for the minority since the fall of Taliban in 2001 and there is currently no legal opportunity for refuge on the basis of ethnicity. The common understanding of security as the major driver f

This study is about EU sanctions against Iran and its nuclear power program, from 2006-2016. The study is based on a content analysis of five UN Security Council resolutions and four desicisions of the European Council. The focus is put on the caracter of the different led sanctions – in relation to positive and negative sanctions. The aim of the study is to examine how different sanction types ca

Can states by introducing taxes, change the way their citizens consume? Can states tax away the sins of their population? In this following paper, I have examined varies excise taxes in Denmark. More specificly I have analyzed Denmark’s tobacco- and alcoholtax and their failed sugar tax. How effective are they and what made the sugar tax fail? What are the correlation between the taxes and what ar

The flow of narratives of Holocaust survivors has increased, and so has the importance of studying emotions and identity constructions. The aim of this study is to create a greater understanding of how female survivors describe their time in the concentration camps, mostly the Ravensbrück-camp, using emotions, and how their identity constructions shifts during their stay. The study is situated in

A core value is characterized by a number of values. To find a distinct definition can be difficult since the values and content differ in meaning for different people. The Swedish Government have lately (2017) however, presented a proposal to strengthen the orientation concerning the Swedish core values in the society orientation for the new citizens (refugees). The essay examines how the Swedis

Uppsatsen kommer att undersöka policydokumentet Partnerskapet för rörlighet mellan Marocko, Europeiska Unionen (EU) och EU:s medlemsstater som ingicks 2013. Uppsatsen ämnar att utöka förståelsen för hur Sub-Sahariska migranter i Marocko representeras som ett problem i Partnerskapet för rörlighet av EU och EU:s medlemsstater och vilken innebörd det har för deras möjligheter att migrera till Europa.This essay will analyse the Mobility Partnership policy between Morocco, the European Union (EU) and its Member States that was signed in 2013. The essay is intended at increasing the knowledge for how sub-Saharan migrants in Morocco are represented as a problem in the Mobility Partnership by Morocco, EU and its Member States and which significance it has for their possibilities to migrate to Euro

Ecowas’ original purpose was to integrate West African states for economic prosperity, however, the politically unstable region’s economy could not develop unless peace and security could be guaranteed. By adopting various security protocols to the original treaty in an attempt to stop interstate conflicts, Ecowas began its transition into a security organization. The United Nations prohibits sub-

The Resource Curse is a theory which suggests that countries with an abundance of natural resources are prone to experience slower growth than resource scarce countries. Research has suggested that good governance can prevent this negative correlation from emerging. This case study examines which aspects of good governance that have been important in avoiding the Resource Curse in the case of Bots

Gender quotas is an ongoing topic. Some believe that it limits the freedom of business owners, while others believe that it is the only way to get rid of the skewed gender representation in corporate boards around the world. In Iceland, gender quotas were implemented for both private and public enterprises in 2013. Based on theories of quotation and neo-functionalism's idea of the spillover ef

Denna uppsats beskriver den svenska narkotikastraffrätten i en historisk kontext genom att sätta lagstiftningsarbetet i den politiska och kulturella verklighet som var närvarande vid en lagändring. Beskrivningen sker dels kronologiskt dels rättshierarkiskt och dels tematisk beträffande vissa aktörer inom den svenska narkotikapolitiken. Tidsperioden sträcker sig från 1600-talet fram till idag, men This thesis describes the Swedish penal law on narcotics in a historical context by putting legislative work in the political and cultural reality that was present around a legislative amendment. The description is partly chronological, partly hierarchical and partly thematic regarding some Swedish policy players. The period of time extends from the 17th century to today, but mainly deals with the

The aim of this study was to examine if the ideas researchers mean characterize populist radical right parties is manifested in the Sweden Democrats election manifestos. Furthermore, it was of interest to examine if there is a difference in how and what’s emphasized between election manifestos for different municipalities and over time. Populist radical right parties are characterized by that they

The purpose of this paper is to propose a theoretical framework, by which one could explain the varying nature of Europe’s Regional Representations. This framework is constructed through empirical and theoretical contributions from both the literature of ‘Multi-Level Governance’ and ‘New Institutionalism’. It is argued that institutional conditions at an EU-level creates an environment in which re

This study examines the connection between female representation in the political elite and the political participation of young women. Using theories regarding political participation in general and role model effects in particular, the hypothesis that an increase in the degree of female ministers and MPs leads to an increase in the degree of young women who become members of political parties in

The Swedish government is currently discussing whether to incorporate the UN:s convention on the rights of the child (CRC) into legislation or not. Furthermore, the UN:s committee on the Rights of the Child has criticized the fact that the convention is not incorporated in Swedish law. In addition, the country's way of processing child asylum cases has been questioned. Initially, the governmen

Objectives. Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a liver disease which, if untreated, may lead to liver cirrhosis and hepatic failure. Limited data exist regarding factors predicting the long-term outcome. The aims of this study were to investigate symptoms at presentation, prognostic features, management and treatment in relation to long-term outcome of AIH. Material and methods. A cohort of 473 Swedish

The transparency regulator hypothesis (TRH) proposes that ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is a main driving force behind diel vertical migration (DVM) of zooplankton in clearwater systems. While previous studies have mainly studied DVM in relation to the TRH on a spatial scale across systems we here focus on long-term trends in a single system in order to assess if UVR explains observed patterns in DV

In order to design a solar energy system with optimized performance a through knowledge of solar radiation data for a considerably long period (20-25 years) is a pre-requisite. For developing countries like Pakistan, the need of empirical models to assess the feasibility of solar energy utilization seems inevitable due to the absence and scarcity of trust-worthy solar radiation data. We present su