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Al2O3/InAs metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors on (100) and (111)B substrates

The influence of InAs orientations and high-k oxide deposition conditions on the electrical and structural quality of Au/W/Al2O3/InAs metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors was investigated using capacitance-voltage (C-V) and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy techniques. The results suggest that the interface traps around the conduction band edge are correlated to the As-oxide amount, while less to t

The plasma concentration of HDL-associated apoM is influenced by LDL receptor-mediated clearance of apoB-containing particles

ApoM is mainly associated with HDL. Nevertheless, we have consistently observed positive correlations of apoM with plasma LDL cholesterol in humans. Moreover, LDL receptor deficiency is associated with increased plasma apoM in mice. Here, we tested the idea that plasma apoM concentrations are affected by the rate of LDL receptor-mediated clearance of apoB-containing particles. We measured apoM in

Double ionization probed on the attosecond timescale

Double ionization following the absorption of a single photon is one of the most fundamental processes requiring interaction between electrons(1-3). Information about this interaction is usually obtained by detecting emitted particles without access to real-time dynamics. Here, attosecond light pulses(4,5), electron wave packet interferometry(6) and coincidence techniques(7) are combined to measur

Shifting foundations: the mechanical cell wall and development.

The cell wall has long been acknowledged as an important physical mediator of growth in plants. Recent experimental and modelling work has brought the importance of cell wall mechanics into the forefront again. These data have challenged existing dogmas that relate cell wall structure to cell/organ growth, that uncouple elasticity from extensibility, and those which treat the cell wall as a passiv

Cerebral sinus venous thromboses in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia - a multicentre study from the Nordic Society of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology

We present a prospective multicentre cohort of 20 children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and cerebral sinus venous thrombosis (CSVT). The study covers a period of 5years and comprises 1038 children treated according to the Nordic Society of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology (NOPHO) ALL 2008 protocol. The cumulative incidence of CSVT was 2%. Sixteen of the thromboses were related to as

Prasugrel 5-mg in the very elderly attenuates platelet inhibition but maintains non-inferiority to prasugrel 10-mg in non-elderly patients: The GENERATIONS trial, a pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic study in stable coronary artery disease patients.

OBJECTIVES: We assessed pharmacodynamic (PD) response for the reduced prasugrel 5-mg maintenance dose in very elderly (≥75y; VE) patients. BACKGROUND: In TRITON-TIMI 38, prasugrel 10-mg reduced ischemic events versus clopidogrel 75-mg, but increased bleeding in VE patients. METHODS: We examined PD and active-metabolite pharmacokinetics with prasugrel 5-mg and 10-mg and clopidogrel 75-mg in a three

Silodosin and tadalafil have synergistic inhibitory effects on nerve-mediated contractions of human and rat isolated prostates.

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are associated with erectile dysfunction. Alpha-1-adrenoceptor antagonists are effective drugs for treating symptomatic BPH. Clinical data show improvements in LUTS by phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors. This study aimed to evaluate effects of silodosin, a highly selective α1A-adrenoceptor antagonist, alone or in combin

Global arginine bioavailability, a marker of nitric oxide synthetic capacity, is decreased in PTSD and correlated with symptom severity and markers of inflammation.

Psychiatric, physical and biological aspects of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be associated with dysfunctions in several cellular processes including nitric oxide (NO) production. NO is synthesized from arginine in a reaction carried out by NO synthase (NOS) enzymes. The recently introduced "global arginine bioavailability ratio" (GABR; ratio of arginine to [ornithine+ citrulline]) has

Regional climate model simulations for Europe at 6 and 0.2 k BP: sensitivity to changes in anthropogenic deforestation

This study aims to evaluate the direct effects of anthropogenic deforestation on simulated climate at two contrasting periods in the Holocene, similar to 6 and similar to 0.2 k BP in Europe. We apply We apply the Rossby Centre regional climate model RCA3, a regional climate model with 50 km spatial resolution, for both time periods, considering three alternative descriptions of the past vegetation

NMR diffusion-encoding with axial symmetry and variable anisotropy: Distinguishing between prolate and oblate microscopic diffusion tensors with unknown orientation distribution.

We introduce a nuclear magnetic resonance method for quantifying the shape of axially symmetric microscopic diffusion tensors in terms of a new diffusion anisotropy metric, DΔ, which has unique values for oblate, spherical, and prolate tensor shapes. The pulse sequence includes a series of equal-amplitude magnetic field gradient pulse pairs, the directions of which are tailored to give an axially

In situ Raman spectroscopy for the evaluation of solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide mixtures

Solubility phenomena in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) mixtures have been studied in situ using Raman spectroscopy. A Raman spectroscopy instrumentation has been linked to a high-pressure optical cell. The set-up was tested in the system SC-CO2/alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) under pressures up to 300 bars and temperatures up to 80 degrees C. As a proof of concept, the possibility to study solubil

Reasons for Career Termination in Danish Elite Athletes: Investigating Gender Differences and the Time-point as Potential Correlates

Introduction: Career termination, an inevitable step in every athlete’s career, has received increased attention within sport psychological research. A career termination that results in psychological problems is of special concern for sport federations, organizations and clubs. Research has shown that it is crucial to consider an athlete’s the reason for career termination. There is evidence that

Loci influencing blood pressure identified using a cardiovascular gene-centric array

Blood pressure (BP) is a heritable determinant of risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). To investigate genetic associations with systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse pressure (PP), we genotyped 50 000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that capture variation in 2100 candidate genes for cardiovascular phenotypes in 61 619 individuals of European ancestr

Changes in fungal communities along a boreal forest soil fertility gradient

Boreal forests harbour diverse fungal communities with decisive roles in decomposition and plant nutrition. Although changes in boreal plant communities along gradients in soil acidity and nitrogen (N) availability are well described, less is known about how fungal taxonomic and functional groups respond to soil fertility factors. We analysed fungal communities in humus and litter from 25 Swedish

Structure of the basal components of a bacterial transporter

Proteins SpoIIQ and SpoIIIAH interact through two membranes to connect the forespore and the mother cell during endospore development in the bacterium Bacillus subtilis. SpoIIIAH consists of a transmembrane segment and an extracellular domain with similarity to YscJ proteins. YscJ proteins form large multimeric rings that are the structural scaffolds for the assembly of type III secretion systems

Treatment with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors and the risk of acute coronary syndromes in early rheumatoid arthritis

Objective Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with an increased risk of ischemic heart disease, in both early and established RA. Data on the risk of ischemic heart disease in relation to therapy with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists (anti-TNF) are conflicting in patients with established RA and essentially lacking in those with early RA. In established RA, the risk of myocardial infarc