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Background: It is not known whether the recently described break in the trend in hip fracture incidence in many settings applies in both women and men, depends on changes in bone mineral density (BMD) or changes in other risk factors, or whether it is apparent in both urban and rural settings. Methods: We evaluated changes in annual hip fracture incidence from 1987 to 2002 in Swedish men aged >= 6

The principal results of project 440 "Assembly and Breakup of Rodinia" of the International Geological Correlation Programme (IGCP) are reviewed in this work. A map of that supercontinent compiled using geological and paleomagnetic data describes global paleogeography 900 Ma ago. The assembly of Rodinia, which comprised most of Precambrian continental blocks, lasted ca. 400 m.y. (from 1300 to 900

With the European Commission making global leadership claims in the field of audit regulation, the content of its 2010 Green Paper on 'Audit Policy: Lessons from the Crisis' warrants careful scrutiny. Important issues raised in the Green Paper include regulatory oversight, competition in the audit market, the dangers of having very few firms with the capacity to audit global transnational corporat

The molecular and electronic structures of aqueous I-3 and I ions have been investigated through ab initio molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and photoelectron (PE) spectroscopy of the iodine 4d core levels. Against the background of the theoretical simulations, data from our I4d PE measurements are shown to contain evidence of coupled solute-solvent dynamics. The MD simulations reveal large ampl

Absorption spectra in the wavelength region around 329 nm have been recorded with the cavity ring-down technique in various low pressure (200 hPa) CH4/air flames, two of which with N2O (nitrous oxide) addition. NCN (cyanonitrene) absorption appears to be significant only in N2O-enriched flames, which also reveal spectrally nearby absorption by NH. In a phi = 1.14, N2O oxidizer volume fraction = 57

Generation of mesencephalic dopamine (mesDA) neurons from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) requires several stages of signaling from various extrinsic and intrinsic factors. To date, most methods incorporate exogenous treatment of Sonic hedgehog (SHH) to derive mesDA neurons. However, we and others have shown that this approach is inefficient for generating FOXA2+ cells, the precursors of mesDA

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders worldwide, affecting 1% of the general population, and is characterized by a predisposition for the generation of epileptic seizures. Despite having several different aetiologies, a common underlying cause of epilepsy seems to be an acquired imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory circuits in the brain, which leads to hyperexcitability

Objective The primary objective of this study was to assess the impact of atomoxetine in combination with psychoeducation, compared with placebo and psychoeducation, on health-related quality of life (HRQL) in Swedish stimulant-naive pediatric patients with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). HRQL results will be presented elsewhere. Here, psychoeducation as well as efficacy and safet

Popular Abstract in Swedish Papillomvirus (PV) är små virus som förmodligen infekterar alla däggdjur samt fåglar. De papillomvirus som infekterar människa kallas humant papillomvirus (HPV) och kan infektera antingen huden eller slemhinnor. Att livmoderhalscancer orsakas av bestående infektion med HPV har varit känt länge. Man har länge också misstänkt att HPV-infektioner i huden kan orsaka icke-meThe causal relationship between persistent genital infections with human papillomavirus (HPV) and development of cervical cancer is well established. In contrast, the significance of infections with cutaneous HPV for development of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is not well understood. We have evaluated whether seropositivity to cutaneous HPV is a marker for cutaneous HPV infection and used high

Background and Purpose-In a genome-wide association study and subsequent case-control studies, the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs12425791 on chromosome 12p13 was reported to be associated with ischemic stroke, but this could not be validated in a recent well-powered study. We therefore investigated whether an association between ischemic stroke and rs12425791 could be detected in 3 different ca

Rhinovirus (RV) infections cause exacerbations and development of severe asthma highlighting the importance of antiviral interferon (IFN) defence by airway cells. Little is known about bronchial smooth muscle cell (BSMC) production of IFNs and whether BSMCs have dsRNA-sensing receptors besides TLR3. dsRNA is a rhinoviral replication intermediate and necrotic cell effect mimic that mediates innate

Background: Apolipoprotein M (apoM) may have potential antiatherosclerotic properties. It has been reported that apoM expression could be regulated by many intracellar and extracellar factors. In the present study we further investigated regulation of apoM expression in Caco-2 cells stimulated by a liver X receptor (LXR) agonist, TO901317. Materials and methods: Caco-2 cells were cultured in the p

Research in public policy and political economy has provided many insights in the evolution of public resistance against genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in the last two decades. But how does the partisan composition of a government, its programmatic orientation and the allocation of cabinet offices affect policy making in this specific area? We argue that the regulation of GMOs is determined

Through physiological integration, clonal plants can support ramets in unfavourable patches, exploit heterogeneously distributed resources and distribute resources that are taken up over large areas. Physiological integration generally increases in adverse conditions, but it is not well known which factors determine the evolution of physiological integration. The aim of this study was to investiga