The general goal of this thesis is to elucidate children’s early understandings of pictorial meanings, and how one can know anything about them. My central aim is to explore how picture comprehension develops during children’s first 3 years of life, through semiotic-theory-derived analyses of meaning relations. In so doing, I hope to contribute to the study of both semiotic theory’s psychological

Popular Abstract in Swedish Efterfrågan på shikimsyra, vilken återfinns i biosyntesvägen för bl.a. de aromatiska aminosyrorna tryptofan, fenylalanin och tyrosin, har under de senare åren ökat. Orsaken till detta är mestadels att den är råmatrial till antiinfluensamedicinen Tamiflu?. Den ökade efterfrågan har drivit fram nya tillverkningsmetoder såsom produktion via E.coli- fermentation. Även om maShikimic acid production using recombinant E.coli has been developed during the past 15 years due to the increased demand of this product, primarily as a starting material for the anti-influensa medicine Tamiflu?. A detailed metabolic analysis of a shikimic acid producing E.coli strain was made in the current work in order to increase the understanding of shikimic acid production and identify mean

A fully integrated 1.2V 0.25 μm CMOS quadrature frontend for a low or zero IF receiver has been designed and measured. The front-end consists of a common-gate LNA, a quadrature passive mixer, and a quadrature VCO operating at 1.8GHz. The conversion gain is 16dB, the noise figure is 6dB, the CP1 is -18dBm, the IIP2 is 27dBm, and the IIP3 is -6dBm. The total power consumption is 9.6mW and the IF qua

We investigate the bandwidth and distance of codes created by ordinary lowpass filtering of a pulse stream. The encoder is thus a convolution, but over the reals. Performance of these codes is compared to the TCM and PRS code families; despite their simplicity, the new codes perform equally well. Since a simple decoder exists, these are attractive codes.

Changes in evolving software systems are often managed using an issue repository. This repository may contribute to information overload in an organization, but it may also help navigating the software system. Software developers spend much effort on issue triage, a task in which the mere number of issue reports becomes a significant challenge. One specific difficulty is to determine whether a new

The political objectives on national and international levels towards a larger proportion of renewable energy require considerable planning activities on a local level. These activities inevitably must relate to the local community and its various groups; their culture, economy, social activities as well as their views on environmental problems and nature values. This applies to all energy plants.

A flexible channel decoding platform should be able to operate in varying communication scenarios, and different code rates have to be supported. Therefore, we present a framework that allows efficient processing of rate-flexible trellises. Using a fundamental computational unit for trellis-based decoding, formal principles are obtained to emulate more complex trellises. In a design example, such

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avsikten med denna avhandling är att förstå de viktiga begreppsmässiga och operativa utmaningar som internationella biståndsgivare, liksom offentliga och privata institutioner, möter när man utformar och genomför alternativa former av sociala bostadsfinansiering som skall vara inkluderande för den fattiga urbana befolkningen. Avhandllingen försöker besvara tre frågor, bThe purpose of the thesis is to further understand key conceptual and operational challenges that international aid donors, and public and private institutions, face while designing and implementing alternative forms of social housing finance which aim to be inclusive for the urban poor. Based on an in-depth study of the work of the Foundation for the Promotion of Local Development (PRODEL) in thr

There is an increased interest in and awareness of mould growth damage in buildings. Today’s mould growth models are limited to only presenting the risk of mould growth. They do not take into account underlying factors and other parameters that make it possible to establish necessary measures to limit or avoid the risk of mould growth. This paper presents a chart that can be used to determine thes

This thesis presents development of new analytical methods using antibodies and molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) in binding assays: 1) The high specificity of antibodies and the wide variety of efficient labels make immunoassay one of the most popular analytical techniques today. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is most widely used, since the enzyme label can be used as a catalyst t