Switched antibody classes are important for efficient immune responses. Aberrant antibody production to otherwise harmless antigens may result in autoimmunity. The protein kinase fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 receptor (Flt3) has an important role during early B-cell development, but the role of Flt3 in peripheral B cells has not been assessed before. Herein we describe a previously unappreciated role

Whereas gut IgA responses to the microbiota may be multi-centered and diverse, little is known about IgA responses to T-cell-dependent antigens following oral immunizations. Using a novel approach, gut IgA responses to oral hapten (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl-cholera toxin (NP-CT) conjugates were followed at the cellular and molecular level. Surprisingly, these responses were highly synchronize

We present a novel method that provides a measurement of DNA pressure in viral capsids using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). This method, unlike our previous assay, does not require triggering genome release with a viral receptor. Thus, it can be used to determine the existence of a pressurized genome state in a wide range of virus systems, even if the receptor is not known, leading to a bett

Laboratory mice are typically housed under extremely clean laboratory conditions, far removed from the natural lifestyle of a free-living mouse. There is a risk that this isolation from real-life conditions may lead to poor translatability and misinterpretation of results. We and others have shown that feral mice as well as laboratory mice exposed to naturalistic environments harbor a more diverse

Bacterial colonization is mediated by fimbriae, which are thin hair-like appendages dispersed from the bacterial surface. The aggregative adherence fimbriae from enteroaggregative E. coli are secreted through the outer membrane and consist of polymerized minor and major pilin subunits. Currently, the understanding of the structural morphology and the role of the minor pilin subunit in the polymeri

Purpose The study aims to develop easy-to-implement concomitant field-compensated gradient waveforms with varying velocity-weighting (M1) and acceleration-weighting (M2) levels and to evaluate their efficacy in correcting signal dropouts and preserving the black-blood state in liver diffusion-weighted imaging. Additionally, we seek to determine an optimal degree of compensation that minimizes sign

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is characterized by a dysregulated immune response against platelets, affecting both their destruction and production. A role for an abnormal T-cell compartment has been established in ITP pathogenesis and treatments that increase platelet counts in patients with ITP have shown improvements in T-cell profiles. On the other hand, patients who were refractory to treatme

One of the main limitations of a Successive Approximation Register (SAR) Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) is the large input capacitance needed to achieve the desired performance. This large input capacitance increases the total area of the ADC and it imposes the use of a powerful buffer to drive it. Since the input capacitance is inversely proportional to the kT/C noise, reducing it, generates m

The change in Soil Moisture Content (SMC) is one of the most crucial variables for regulating and analyzing basic hydrological processes, including runoff, evaporation, carbon and energy cycles, infiltration of water resources, droughts and floods, and desertification. This study aimed to detect and map the global SMC change using microwave remote sensing observations. Monthly SMC data from the So

This chapter compares two digital workflows and tool selection for best practice renovation simulation in Portugal and Sweden. Both workflows are part of ongoing research projects that seek to provide a robust workflow adapted to different user needs and scale implementation. While in Portugal, the focus is on the building, the assessment is scaled up to the neighbourhood in Sweden. Geographic inf

Background: Multivariable prediction models are used in oral health care to identify individuals with an increased likelihood of caries increment. The outcomes of the models should help to manage individualized interventions and to determine the periodicity of service. The objective was to review and critically appraise studies of multivariable prediction models of caries increment. Methods: Longi

Marknadens tid samlar bidrag från några av Sveriges främsta historiker och fokuserar tiden från 1970-talet och framåt. Varje kapitel utgår från en bild, och i centrum står marknadsvändningen – en mångfacetterad, men samtidigt tydlig process genom vilken marknaden som institution, ideal och metafor blivit ledande inom samhällslivet. Hur kom det sig?Marknadens tid satte stora avtryck i svensk politiThis timely edited volume gather’s a number of Sweden’s leading historians who specialize on the profound transformations of the late 20th Century. Each chapter starts from an image, and at the center is the “market turn” – a multifaceted, but at the same time distinct historical process through which the market as an institution, an ideal, and a metaphor has become a focal point of social life. H

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces rapid protein aggregation in human wound fluid. We aimed to characterize these LPS-induced aggregates and their functional implications using a combination of mass spectrometry analyses, biochemical assays, biological imaging, cell experiments, and animal models. The wound-fluid aggregates encompass diverse protein classes, including sequences from coagul

This book presents the findings of an in-depth qualitative longitudinal investigation into the willingness to communicate (WTC) of individuals who, through varying migration channels, left one cultural/linguistic context to make a new life in another. It examines communication behaviours and language choice in multilingual community contexts and emphasises how even the most trivial of communicatio

Background: The incidence of melanoma in situ (MIS) is increasing even more rapidly than the incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM). No previous studies have in detail investigated the survival in individuals diagnosed with MIS compared to the general population. Methods: This population-based study included individuals with MIS diagnosed in Sweden between 2001 and 2010 and randomly selec

The most common cause of autosomal recessive familial Parkinson's disease (PD) are mutations in the PRKN/PARK2 gene encoding an E3 ubiquitin protein-ligase PARKIN. We report the generation of an iPSC cell line from the fibroblasts of a male PD patient carrying a common missense variant in exon 7 (p.Arg275Trp), and a 133 kb deletion encompassing exon 8, using transiently-present Sendai virus. The e

Background We need to better understand the frequency and predictors of opioid use disorder (OUD) after first opioid prescription (OP). Methods We followed 1 516 392 individuals from the Swedish population born 1980-2000, from 1 July 2007, until 31 Dec 2017. We examined putative risk predictors with univariable and multivariable Cox Models and the potential causal effects of predictors by propensi

Fifteen premenopausal women were investigated in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle with two TRH tests within an interval of 48 to 96 h. Ninety min before each TRH test either 10 mg metoclopramide or saline was injected iv in randomized order. The same procedure was repeated in the following menstrual cycle after pretreatment with T4 (0.5 mg daily for 6-14 days). At least 2 months later t