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Secretion and Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4-Mediated Metabolism of Incretin Hormones after a Mixed Meal or Glucose Ingestion in Obese Compared to Lean, Nondiabetic Men.

Context: Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are cleaved by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4); plasma activity of DPP-4 may be increased in obesity. The impact of this increase on incretin hormone secretion and metabolism is not known. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess incretin hormone secretion and degradation in lean and obese nondiabet

Dendritic EGFP-STIM1 activation after type I metabotropic glutamate and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor stimulation in hippocampal neuron.

Several signaling pathways in neurons engage the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium store by triggering calcium release. After release, ER calcium levels must be restored. In many non-neuronal cell types, this is mediated by store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), a cellular homeostatic mechanism that activates specialized store-operated calcium channels (SOC). Although much evidence supports the exi

Increase in percent free prostate-specific antigen in men with chronic kidney disease.

BACKGROUND: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) occurs in different molecular forms in serum: free PSA (fPSA) and complexed PSA (cPSA), the sum of which corresponds to total PSA (tPSA). In addition to tPSA, percent fPSA is widely used in the detection of prostate cancer. Free PSA, approximately 28 kDa, is eliminated by glomerular filtration. Previous data showed that men with end-stage renal dysfuncti

ADP receptor P2Y(13) induce apoptosis in pancreatic beta-cells.

Pancreatic beta-cell loss represents a key factor in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Since the influence of purinergic signaling in beta-cell apoptosis has not been much investigated, we examined the role of the ADP receptor P2Y(13) using the pancreatic insulinoma-cell line MIN6c4 as a model system. Real time-PCR revealed high expression of the ADP receptors P2Y(1) and P2Y(13). Adding the ADP analog

Vasoactive Peptides with Angiogenesis-Regulating Activity Predict Cancer Risk in Males.

BACKGROUND: Tumor development requires angiogenesis, and antiangiogenesis has been introduced in the treatment of cancer patients; however, how the cardiovascular phenotype correlates with cancer risk remains ill-defined. Here, we hypothesized that vasoactive peptides previously implicated in angiogenesis regulation predict long-term cancer risk.METHODS: We measured midregional proatrial natriuret

Measuring Per-Frame Energy Consumption of Real-Time Graphics Applications

Energy and power efficiency are becoming important topics within the graphics community. In this paper, we present a simple, straightforward method for measuring per-frame energy consumption of real-time graphics workloads. The method is non-invasive, meaning that source code is not needed, which makes it possible to measure on a much wider range of applications. We also discuss certain behaviors