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Popular Abstract in Swedish Ungefär 22 000 svenskar lever i dag med Parkinsons sjukdom som är en hjärnsjukdom där särskilda nervceller som normalt producerar signalsubstansen dopamin dör av okänd anledning. Dessa nervceller har en viktig funktion eftersom de möjliggör vår rörelseförmåga och brist på dopamin leder till rörelsenedsättning där patienten uppvisar symptomen långsamhet, skakningar, muskParkinson’s disease is a brain disorder characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain, resulting in the characteristic motor symptoms: resting tremor, rigidity, akinesia and postural instability. Symptomatic treatment is based on reconstituting the loss of dopamine in the brain, primarily by oral administration of its precursor L-DOPA. Although this drug is effective in the early y

Popular Abstract in Swedish I denna avhandling ges en introduktion till fyra artiklar där resul- tat från och delar av en frielektron-laser (FEL) beskrivs. Denna typ av laser skiljer sig från de konventionella lasrar de flesta av oss har träffat på, t.ex. i form av en laserpekare. Den första märkbara skill- naden är att frielektron-lasrar är stora, ofta flera hundra meter långa. De kräver en accelThe test free-electron laser (test-FEL) at MAX-lab in Lund demonstrated for the first time circularly polarized coherent femtosecond pulses at 66 nm wavelength. A 375 MeV electron bunch was seeded by a femtosecond laser at 263 nm and coherent harmonics were extracted in an APPLE-II type elliptical undulator. A thermionic gun with a barium oxide cathode was adapted for photocathode operation, and t

This paper extends the concept of weak renegotiation-proof equilibrium (WRP) to allow for costly renegotiation and shows that even small renegotiation costs can have dramatic effects on the set of equilibria. More specifically, the paper analyzes the infinitely repeated Bertrand game. It is shown that for every level of renegotiation cost, there exists a discount factor such that any collusive pro

Background: Epidemiological studies that assess the health effects of long-term exposure to ambient air pollution are used to inform public policy. These studies rely on exposure models that use data collected from pollution monitoring sites to predict exposures at subject locations. Land-use regression (LUR) and universal kriging (UK) have been suggested as potential prediction methods. We evalua

Objectives. A family history of prostate cancer is associated with a higher risk for prostate cancer to first-degree relatives. If greater surveillance of men at familial risk is considered to be useful, population-based estimates of the differences in the age at diagnosis between familial and sporadic prostate cancer cases are needed. Methods. The men in the nationwide Swedish Family-Cancer Datab

Using electron spectroscopy, we have investigated nanoplasma formation from noble gas clusters exposed to high-intensity hard-x-ray pulses at ~5 keV. Our experiment was carried out at the SPring-8 Angstrom Compact free electron LAser (SACLA) facility in Japan. Dedicated theoretical simulations were performed with the molecular dynamics tool XMDYN. We found that in this unprecedented wavelength reg

Objective. The purpose of the present analysis was to analyze and compare the cost-effectiveness of solifenacin flexible dosing (5-10 mg) with tolterodine 4 mg sustained release (SR) or placebo (assumed to be comparable to no treatment) for patients with overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms. Design. A decision-analytic model was constructed. Methods. Costs and effects were evaluated for the three tre

På senare år har sjukdomspanoramat för hjärtsjukdomar förändrats, med sjunkande insjuknande och dödlighet i hjärtinfarkt men stigande insjuknande i förmaksflimmer och hjärtsvikt. Förmaksflimmer är den vanligaste hjärtrytmrubbningen och medför ökad risk för uppkomst av blodproppar i hjärtat som kan resultera i stroke, demens och förtida död. Symptom på förmaksflimmer är hjärtklappning, trötthet, anBackground: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia and increases in prevalence. As AF confers increased risk of morbidity, stroke, dementia and mortality, a major objective of cardiovascular epidemiology today is the development of tools for prediction and prevention of AF and its consequences. Although AF has traditionally been considered a non-heritable disease,

The aim of our study was to get epidemiological information on bacterial infections in children treated for ALL and to analyse which patients have an enhanced infection risk. Episodes of suspected or confirmed infections were evaluated during the first 12 months of treatment for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). The number of patients was 73 (43 boys). The median age was 4.6 years. A

Popular Abstract in Swedish Bakgrund Den medicinska utvecklingen har varit stark under de senaste åren vad gäller akut omhändertagande av patienter med misstänkt hjärtinfarkt. Snabb teknisk utveckling inom området för kateterburen koronarkärlsintervention (PCI) och framsteg inom farmakologisk behandling har bidragit till allt bättre vårdresultat. Omedelbar och korrekt beslutsprocess har kommit attBackground In patients with symptoms compatible with acute myocardial infarction (MI), early triage by ECG in the pre-hospital phase by ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) criteria is important for direct transport of these patients to a regional center for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). The time from first medical contact to pPCI should, due to present guideline

It is debated whether cancer patients treated with chemotherapy can mount an adequate response to vaccination. Material and methods. Ninety-six adult outpatients with cancer, who were undergoing chemotherapy and/or monoclonal antibody, tyrosine kinase inhibitor, irradiation or corticosteroid treatments, were studied. Two doses of the pandemic influenza A(H1N1)/09 AS03-adjuvanted split virion vacci

Dimers of A beta (amyloid beta-protein) are believed to play an important role in Alzheimer's disease. In the absence of sufficient brain-derived dimers, we studied one of the only possible dimers that could be produced in vivo, [A beta](DiY) (dityrosine cross-linked A beta). For comparison, we used the A beta monomer and a design dimer cross-linked by replacement of Ser(26) with cystine [A beta S

Introduction An estimated 2.4 [1.8–3.2] million people in the WHO European Region now live with HIV, and none of the Region’s 53 countries have been spared. The epidemic is spreading most rapidly in western Europe among migrants and men who have sex with men, and in eastern Europe among male injecting drug users – and increasingly their sexual partners. This doctoral research investigates several

The main purpose of this project has been to examine the accessibility of refereed conference articles and the OAand publishing policies of conferences in order to in this way elucidate different aspects concerning self-archiving in Swedish institutional repositories. For this purpose, the project participants have examined a number of conferences and references to conference articles via their in

The effects of dryer fabric cooling were studied. Using a dryer fabric cooled to a temperature below the dew point of the air-vapour mixture resulted in condensation of water vapour in the fabric structure. This condensation process was studied by means of a small-scale dynamic pilot dryer. The novel model on mass and heat transport in dryer fabrics, described in part 1, was validated against expe