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A National Swedish Twin-Sibling Study of Alcohol Use Disorders

The relationship between the genetic and environmental risk factors for alcohol use disorders (AUD) detected in Swedish medical, pharmacy, and criminal registries has not been hitherto examined. Prior twin studies have varied with regard to the detection of shared environmental effects and sex differences in the etiology of AUD. In this report, structural equation modeling in OpenMx was applied to

The role of empowerment and quality of life in depression severity among unemployed people with affective disorders receiving mental healthcare

Purpose: Sick leave and unemployment are highly prevalent among people with affective disorders. Their depression severity is disabling and inversely related to having employment. No evidence-based vocational rehabilitation exists for this target group. Knowledge is therefore needed to understand the psychosocial factors that affect depression severity in order to develop new rehabilitation interv

U–Pb baddeleyite geochronology and geochemistry of the White Mfolozi Dyke Swarm : unravelling the complexities of 2.70–2.66 Ga dyke swarms across the eastern Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa

On the south-easternmost Kaapvaal Craton, a NE-trending plagioclase-megacrystic dolerite dyke swarm, herein named the White Mfolozi Dyke Swarm (WMDS), has been identified. New U–Pb baddeleyite ages presented here indicate that the WMDS was emplaced within less than 10 million years, with our three most robust results yielding a weighted mean age of 2662 ± 2 Ma. The WMDS is coeval with the youngest

CD4+ T cells with an activated and exhausted phenotype distinguish immunodeficiency during aviremic HIV-2 infection

OBJECTIVE:: HIV-2 represents an attenuated form of HIV, where many infected individuals remain “aviremic” without antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, aviremic HIV-2 disease progression exits, and in the current study we therefore aimed to examine if specific pathological characteristics of CD4+ T cells are linked to such outcome. DESIGN:: HIV-seronegative (n=25), HIV-1 (n?=?33), HIV-2 (n?=?39,

The radiation dose to overweighted patients undergoing myocardial perfusion SPECT can be significantly reduced : validation of a linear weight-adjusted activity administration protocol

Background: Large body size can cause a higher proportion of emitted photons being attenuated within the patient. Therefore, clinical myocardial perfusion SPECT (MPS) protocols often include unproportionally higher radioisotope activity to obese patients. The aim was to evaluate if a linear weight-adjusted low-dose protocol can be applied to obese patients and thereby decrease radiation exposure.

Health Care Students' Attitudes Toward Addressing Sexual Health in Their Future Profession : Validity and Reliability of a Questionnaire

To test the reliability and validity of the Students' Attitudes Towards Addressing Sexual Health Questionnaire (SA-SH), measuring students' attitudes toward addressing sexual health in their future professions. A cross-sectional online survey (22 items) were distributed to 186 nursing, occupational therapy and physiotherapy students in Sweden, April 2015. Validity and reliability were tested. The

Two-trocar appendectomy in children - Description of technique and comparison with conventional laparoscopic appendectomy

Background: The aim of the study was to describe the technique of two-trocar laparoscopic appendectomy and compare the outcome between two- and three-trocar techniques in children. Methods: All children who underwent laparoscopic surgery for suspected appendicitis from 2006 to 2014 in a center for pediatric surgery were included in the study. Converted surgeries and patients with appendiceal absce

An enzyme in the kynurenine pathway that governs vulnerability to suicidal behavior by regulating excitotoxicity and neuroinflammation

Emerging evidence suggests that inflammation has a key role in depression and suicidal behavior. The kynurenine pathway is involved in neuroinflammation and regulates glutamate neurotransmission. In the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of suicidal patients, levels of inflammatory cytokines and the kynurenine metabolite quinolinic acid (QUIN), an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor agonist, are increased. The e

A Devonian >2000-km-long dolerite dyke swarm-belt and associated basalts along the Urals-Novozemelian fold-belt : part of an East-European (Baltica) LIP tracing the Tuzo Superswell

Two dolerite dyke swarms are recognized along and paralleling the Ural Mountains, Russia. The Uralian swarm is 1400-km long (2300-km long if traced from its inferred plume centre). Further north, the Pay-Khoy swarm can be traced through the Pay-Khoy–Novaya Zemlya fold belt for a distance of c. 250 km (800-km long if traced from its inferred plume centre). An Upper Devonian age for volcanism associ

Diagnostic potential of plasma microRNA signatures in patients with deep-vein thrombosis

For excluding deep-vein thrombosis (DVT), a negative D-dimer and low clinical probability are used to rule out DVT. Circulating microR-NAs (miRNAs) are stably present in the plasma, serum and other body fluids. Their diagnostic function has been investigated in many diseases but not in DVT. The aims of present study were to assess the diagnostic ability of plasma miRNAs in DVT and to examine their

Evaluation of the production of exopolysaccharides by two strains of the thermophilic bacterium Rhodothermus marinus

The thermophile Rhodothermus marinus produces extracellular polysaccharides (EPSs) that forms a distinct cellular capsule. Here, the first data on EPS production in strains DSM4252(T) and MAT493 are reported and compared. Cultures of both strains, supplemented with either glucose, sucrose, lactose or maltose showed that the EPS were produced both in the exponential and stationary growth phase and

Baddeleyite U–Pb ages and gechemistry of the 1875–1835 Ma Black Hills Dyke Swarm across north-eastern South Africa : part of a trans-Kalahari Craton back-arc setting?

Eleven new baddeleyite U–Pb crystallisation ages and associated whole-rock geochemistry on NE–NNE-trending tholeiitic dykes cutting across the north-eastern corner of the Archaean Kaapvaal Craton, the overlying Transvaal basin and the Bushveld and Phalaborwa igneous complexes collectively define a 1875–1835 Ma Black Hills Dyke Swarm (BHDS). Dyke ages do not discriminate between dyke trends or geog

Patient-reported long-term outcome after primary hypospadias repair

Purpose: Long-term evaluation of the surgical outcome after puberty, particularly patient reported outcome is rare in the literature. The aims of this study were to investigation the patients' satisfaction with the long-term results and their views and memories of their childhood surgery and follow-up. Methods: A modified version of previously used questionnaire was sent to 134 patients ages 18 ye

New U–Pb age and paleomagnetic constraints from the Uitkomst Complex, South Africa : clues to the timing of intrusion

The Uitkomst Complex is considered to be coeval with, and genetically linked to the Rustenburg Layered Suite (RLS) of the Bushveld Large Igneous Province. This study reports new paleomagnetic, geochemical and geochronological results from the Uitkomst Complex and a crosscutting dyke at the Nkomati Mine. Primary magnetisations for the complex and the dyke are statistically indistinguishable. This,

Visual complications in patients with biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis : A population-based study

Objective. To study the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis (GCA) with visual complications, and to evaluate the incidence rate of visual complications in GCA compared to the background population. Methods. Data from 840 patients with GCA in the county of Skane, Sweden, diagnosed between 1997 and 2010, were used for this analysis. Cases with

Venous thromboembolism and cancer risk

Cancer increases the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and about 20 % of all VTE are associated with cancer. VTE can also be used as a marker for occult cancer. The objective was to examine the correlation between VTE and cancer regarding predictors for a subsequent cancer diagnosis. Patients treated for VTE between January 1st 2006 and December 31th 2011 were extracted from the Swedish nationa

Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 3, 4, and 5 induces endolymphatic hydrops in mouse inner ear, as evaluated with repeated 9.4T MRI

Conclusion: The data indicate important roles for phosphodiesterase (PDE) 3, 4, 5, and related cAMP and cGMP pools in the regulation of inner ear fluid homeostasis. Thus, dysfunction of these enzymes might contribute to pathologies of the inner ear. Objective: The mechanisms underlying endolymphatic hydrops, a hallmark of inner ear dysfunction, are not known in detail; however, altered balance in