We examine the problem of efficiently collecting the photons produced by solid-state single photon sources. The extent of the problem is first established with the aid of simple physical concepts. Several approaches to improving the collection efficiency are then examined and are broadly categorized into two types. First are those based on cavity quantum dynamics, in which the pathways by which th

Artiklen behandler de svenske pensionistorganisationers tilbøjelighed til at beskrive de ældre som en samfundsøkono-misk »risikogruppe«. Organisationernes ældrebilleder sættes ind i en samfundsmæssig kontekst, der viser at holdnin-gerne til ældre direkte afspejler omgivelsernes. Håkan Jönson er ph.d. i socialt arbejde, socionom og forsker ved Socialhøjskolen i Lund, Sverige. Hans afhandling behand

Objectives: The degree to which treatment with tumour necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists may be associated with increased risks for serious infections is unclear. An observational cohort study was performed using prospectively collected data from the Swedish Biologics Register (ARTIS) and other national Swedish registers. Methods: First, in the ARTIS, all 4167 rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) patients st

In order to test the hypothesis of an interaction between neck proprioception and the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR), we rotated 16 healthy subjects both facing forward and with their heads passively turned 70 degrees to either side. We found that gain tended to be lower when the subjects were rotated with their heads turned opposite to the direction of rotation compared to when they were rotated i

Enzyme partitioning and recovery with a new aqueous two-phase system based on commercially available hydroxypropyl starch Reppal PES 200 and the thermo-separating polymer Ucon 50-HB-5100 was studied. Ucon is an ethylene oxide-propylene oxide random copolymer. A culture supernatant of Aspergillus niger containing extracellular beta-mannanase and alpha-galactosidase was partitioned in two steps. The

We consider estimation of frequency offset (FO) and equalization of a wireless communication channel, within a general framework which allows for different frequency offsets for various multipaths. Such a scenario may arise due to different Doppler shifts associated with various multipaths, or in situations where multiple basestations are used to transmit identical information. For this general fr

Aim: To determine whether self-esteem among children with cystic fibrosis (CF) and their healthy siblings differs from that of a healthy reference group and whether there are differences within and between sibling pairs. Methods: All Swedish CF children 6–14 y old with a healthy sibling in the same age range (n=65) were invited to participate, 55 sibling pairs and their parents taking part in the

Unsupervised classification is a very common problem in pattern recognition even when the classes are known. In many areas intra-class variations may be greater than the inter-class variations causing a need for a subdivision of the training set of a class into smaller subunits often referred to as clusters. The subdivision or clustering is often performed independently of the relative properties

The exceptionally high luminosities of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), gradually emerging as extremely useful probes of star formation, make them promising tools for exploration of the high-redshift Universe. Here we present a carefully selected sample of Swift GRBs, intended to estimate in an unbiased way the GRB mean redshift (z(mean)), constraints on the fraction of high-redshift bursts and an upper l

The aim was to compare the abilities of contrast-enhanced CT, non-contrast-enhanced MR imaging and contrast-enhanced MR imaging using standard (0.1 mmol/kg b.w.) and high (0.3 mmol/kg b.w.) doses of Gadodiamide injection to detect brain metastases (i.e. blood-brain barrier damage). Sixteen patients with at least 2 metastases found by CT were evaluated by MR imaging using non-contrast-enhanced spin

A search for new phenomena in events featuring a high energy jet and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV is presented using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 33 pb(-1) recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The number of observed events is consistent with the Standard Model prediction. This result is interpret

The background, administration and current status of the monitoring programme "European Survey of Atmospheric Heavy Metal Deposition" is described. All European states are invited to join the survey 2000-2001. The co-ordination and responsibility for the survey will gradually be transferred from the Nordic Council of Ministers to the International Cooperative Programme on Effects of Air Pollution

Differential absorption lidar (DIAL) techniques have been utilized to measure elemental gaseous mercury fluxes from mercury cell chlor-alkali (MCCA) plants as a part of the European Union funded European mercury emissions from chlor-alkali plants (EMECAP) project. Three plants have been selected as study objects and a total of six measurement campaigns have been performed, one intercalibration cam