Rational choice accounts of political participation identify two major solutions to “the paradox of participation” — collective incentives and selective incentives. Prior findings regarding the viability of these solutions are seemingly inconclusive and contradictory. In our view, one important reason for this is that the applicability of these solutions varies across participatory modes. In this

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is thought to develop from an interaction between environmental and genetic factors. We examined whether clinical or genetic factors or both could predict progression to diabetes in two prospective cohorts. METHODS: We genotyped 16 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and examined clinical factors in 16,061 Swedish and 2770 Finnish subjects. Type 2 diabetes d

To evaluate the efficacy of intra-articular (IA) glucocorticoids for knee or hip osteoarthritis (OA) in specific subgroups of patients with severe pain and inflammatory signs using individual patient data (IPD) from existing trials.

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: To study the heritability and familiality of type 2 diabetes and related quantitative traits in families from the Botnia Study in Finland. METHODS: Heritability estimates for type 2 diabetes adjusted for sex, age and BMI are provided for different age groups of type 2 diabetes and for 34 clinical and metabolic traits in 5,810 individuals from 942 families using a variance compone

Microaggregate-poor erythrocyte concentrate with 3% dextran-60 as a plasma substitute was compared with microaggregate-poor whole blood for replacement of intra-operative and immediately postoperative blood loss. Sixty patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty randomly received either of these two forms of therapy. In accordance with the clinical routine of our orthopedic department, an infusion

Autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GADA) are found frequently in patients with autoimmune diabetes. Immunoglobulin (Ig)G(1) is the most frequent subclass among the GADA IgG subclasses. IgG(4) is a more common subclass in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) at clinical onset compared to type 1 diabetes. The aim of this work was to study the different GADA-IgG subclass pr

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze three models of how patient-reported outcome measures can be connected to clinical outcome measures in cataract surgery to identify opportunities for improvement of quality of care. METHODS: Three models were used to analyze the following questions: Is there a relationship between clinical parameters and patient-reported outcomes? (1) Is there a re

L-DOPA remains the gold-standard treatment for Parkinson's disease but causes motor fluctuations and dyskinesia. Metabotropic glutamate receptor type 5 (mGluR5) has been proposed as a target for antidyskinetic therapies. Here, we evaluate the effects of fenobam, a noncompetitive mGluR5 antagonist already tested in humans, using rodent and nonhuman primate models of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. In bo

Proceedings of the Workshop on Eta Physics: Prospects of Precision Measurments with the CELSIUS / WASA Facility, Uppsala, Sweden, 25-27 Oct 2001.

Background: Malassezia yeasts play a role in the pathogenesis of atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome (AEDS). The revised genus Malassezia includes several species which all are natural habitants of the human skin. In this study, we evaluated the presence of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to different Malassezia spp. in AEDS patients to allow optimization of the characterization of the IgE antibod

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BACKGROUND: Acute pancreatitis (AP) results in elevated concentrations of trypsinogen (T) isoenzymes in serum. Immunoreactive anionic trypsinogen in urin (irAT/u) is elevated in AP, and has recently been proposed as a rapid diagnostic instrument and severity predictor. These results have not been confirmed by other groups, and irAT/u has not been further characterized. The concentration of immun

This paper aims to identify and review new and unproven emergency department (ED) methods for improved evaluation in cases of suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Systematic news coverage through PubMed from 2000 to 2006 identified papers on new methods for ED assessment of patients with suspected ACS. Articles found described decision support models, new ECG methods, new biomarkers and point-

Mechanical mixtures of V2O5 and each of the three titania polymorphs TiO2(B), anatase and rutile were heated in air at 450°C. Spreading of vanadia was found to occur on all three polymorphs. After 36 hours of heating, coverage with interacting vanadia (the part that is insoluble in aq. NH3) on TiO2(B), anatase and rutile, respectively, was 54, 48 and 38 % of a theoretical monolayer. Raman spectra

The genomic region containing the genes encoding the first leukotriene B(4) receptor, BLTR, as well as the recently cloned second leukotriene B(4)-activated receptor, BLTR2, was mapped by (a) sequence analysis of a human bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library containing a 15-kb segment corresponding to chromosome 14q11. 2-12 where the BLTR/BLTR2 genes were previously shown to be located, to