Fire has substantially altered the course of human evolution. Cooking kindled brain expansion through improved energy and time budgets. However, little is known about the origins of fire use and its cognitive underpinnings (pyrocognition). Debates on how hominins innovated cooking focus on archaeological findings, but should also be informed by the response of animals towards heat sources. Here, w

Although there has been extensive research on pharmaceutical industry payments to healthcare professionals, healthcare organisations with key roles in health systems have received little attention. We seek to contribute to addressing this gap in research by examining drug company payments to General Practices in England in 2015. We combine a publicly available payments database managed by the phar

Electrothermal energy conversion provides attractive solutions for global energy management, such as energy harvesting from waste heat using pyroelectric energy conversion (PEC) and efficient cooling of portable electronics or data servers using the electrocaloric effect. Relaxor ferroelectrics are attractive for electrothermal energy conversion because of their large pyroelectric coefficients ove

Superior canal dehiscence is a rare syndrome. The symptoms consist of hearing loss, dizziness and autophonia. The patient can be cured with surgery. A 28 year old woman went to several doctors for several months due to diminished hearing, dizziness and autophonia. The symptoms got worse. A work-up led to the diagnosis of superior canal dehiscence in the left ear. She underwent surgery and her symp

AbstractBackgroundMotion tracking during live surgeries may be used to assess surgeons’ intra-operative performance, provide feedback, and predict outcome. Current assessment protocols rely on human observations, controlled laboratory settings, or tracking technologies not suitable for live operating theatres. In this study, a novel method for motion tracking of live open-heart surgery was develop

Lymphoid organ hypertrophy is a characteristic feature of acute infection and is considered to enable efficient induction of adaptive immune responses. Accordingly, oral infection with rotavirus induced a robust increase in cellularity in the mesenteric LNs, whose kinetics correlated with viral load and was caused by halted lymphocyte egress and increased recruitment of cells without altered cellu

Plants have always been powerful symbols of place, rooted as they are in the local soil. Yet in the Chinese lunar calendar, flowers and plants are also core images for defining and representing seasonal aspects of time. Through a conceptualization of qingjing (情境) that relates literary poesis to emotional interaction with the environment, this chapter executes a thematic comparison of arboreal cha

Since the 1990s, extensive urbanization in East Asia has created a situation in which more people identify themselves as citizens of the city where they live, rather than their ancestral village or nation. At the same time, this new urban identity has been under constant threat from massive municipal restructuring. Such rapidly changing cityscapes form environments of urban flux that lead to narra

To explore the largely unknown etiology of small intestine cancer, we examined metabolic factors and risk of small intestine cancer overall and by subtypes. Among 404 220 women and 403 265 men in six European cohorts, we applied Cox regression with adjustment for smoking and body mass index (BMI), to calculate sex-specific hazard ratios (HRs) of small intestine cancer by levels of BMI, mean arteri

The cationic photopolymerization of trimethylolpropane tripropenyl ether (TPE), initiated by a diaryl iodonium salt, has been investigated. The influence of the presence of different alcoholic additives on the rates of photopolymerization and on the properties of the networks obtained has been studied. New 1-propenyl ethers (trimethylolpropane dipropenyl ether (DPE) and its acetyl ester) were synt

Despite profound progress made in reducing neonatal mortality, it remains one of the major global health challenges. In 2019, the World Health Organization estimated that 2.4 million neonatal deaths occurred, accounting for over 45 percent of under-5 deaths worldwide. Most of these neonatal mortalities occur in low-and middle-income (LMIC) with East African countries of Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania

Characteristics of polyol mercaptoalkanoates, polyol allyl ethers and coatings produced thereof are reported. The viscosities of examined thiols are in the range of 110-410 mPas (23 °C) and the density of functional groups 4-8 mmol/g. The corresponding data for the studied polyol allyl ethers are 3-240 mPas (23 °C) and 7.5-13.3 mmol/g, respectively. Formulations of these components were made and p

Background: Integrated community case management (CCM) has led to reductions in child mortality in Malawi resulting from illnesses such as malaria, pneumonia, and diarrhea. However, adherence to CCM guidelines is often poor, potentially leading to inappropriate clinical decisions and poor outcomes. We determined the impact of an e-CCM app on the referral, reconsultation, and hospitalization rates

A search for new phenomena is presented in final states with two leptons and one or no b-tagged jets. The event selection requires the two leptons to have opposite charge, the same flavor (electrons or muons), and a large invariant mass. The analysis is based on the full run-2 proton-proton collision dataset recorded at a center-of-mass energy of s=13 TeV by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, corres

The open border between non-living and living matter, suggested by increasingly emerging fields of nanoscience interfaced to biological systems, requires a detailed knowledge of nanomaterials properties. An account of the wide spectrum of phenomena, belonging to physical chemistry of interfaces, materials science, solid state physics at the nanoscale and bioelectrochemistry, thus is acquainted for

Purpose: Most patients with lumbar disc herniations requiring surgery have concomitant back pain. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the outcome of surgery for lumbar disc herniations in patients with no preoperative back pain (NBP) compared to those reporting low back pain (LBP). Methods: 15,418 patients surgically treated due to LDH with primary discectomy from 1998 until 2020 were

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by insulin deficiency and resultant hyperglycemia. Complex interactions of genetic and environmental factors trigger the onset of autoimmune mechanisms responsible for development of autoimmunity to β cell antigens and subsequent development of T1D. A potential role of virus infections has long been hypothesized, and growing evide