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In-situ characterization of metal nanoparticles and their organic coatings using laser-vaporization aerosol mass spectrometry

The development of methods to produce nanoparticles with unique properties via the aerosol route is progressing rapidly. Typical characterization techniques extract particles from the synthesis process for subsequent offline analysis, which may alter the particle characteristics. In this work, we use laser-vaporization aerosol mass spectrometry (LV-AMS) with 70-eV electron ionization for real-time

Can the PHS model (ISO7933) predict reasonable thermophysiological responses while wearing protective clothing in hot environments?

In this paper, the prediction accuracy of the PHS (predicted heat strain) model on human physiological responses while wearing protective clothing ensembles was examined. Six human subjects (aged 29 ± 3 years) underwent three experimental trials in three different protective garments (clothing thermal insulation Icl ranges from 0.63 to 2.01 clo) in two hot environments (40 °C, relative humidities:

Regional specialization within the intestinal immune system.

The intestine represents the largest compartment of the immune system. It is continually exposed to antigens and immunomodulatory agents from the diet and the commensal microbiota, and it is the port of entry for many clinically important pathogens. Intestinal immune processes are also increasingly implicated in controlling disease development elsewhere in the body. In this Review, we detail the a

Design and Development of Products and Services at the Base of the Pyramid: A Review of Issues and Solutions

Abstract in UndeterminedThe base of the world income pyramid, generally called the ‘Base of the Pyramid’ (BoP), consists of four billion people with average per day income of less than four dollars. Over the past several years, the design and development of products and services at the BoP (BoP people as producers and consumers as well) has been investigated by several authors from different disci

Treatment plan comparison using grading analysis based on clinical judgment.

Purpose. In this work we explore a method named clinical grading analysis (CGA) which is based on clinical assessments performed by radiation oncologists (ROs). The purpose is to investigate how useful the method is for treatment plan comparisons, and how the CGA results correlate with dosimetric evaluation parameters, traditionally used for treatment plan comparisons. Material and methods. Helica

HTS followed by NMR based counterscreening. Discovery and optimization of pyrimidones as reversible and competitive inhibitors of xanthine oxidase.

The identification of novel, non-purine based inhibitors of xanthine oxidase is described. After a high-throughput screening campaign, an NMR based counterscreen was used to distinguish actives, which interact with XO in a reversible manner, from assay artefacts. This approach identified pyrimidone 1 as a reversible and competitive inhibitor with good lead-like properties. A hit to lead campaign g

First evidence of Anaplasma platys and Hepatozoon canis co-infection in a dog from Romania - A case report.

Anaplasma platys was first identified and described in North America as a Rickettsia-like, platelet-specific organism in dogs with infectious canine cyclic thrombocytopenia. In Europe, A. platys has so far mainly been described for some Mediterranean countries. Here, we describe a case of A. platys infection in a dog from Romania, confirmed by PCR. Additionally, the dog had a co-infection with Hep

UV-Dissipation Mechanisms in the Eumelanin Building Block DHICA.

The UV-dissipative mechanisms of the eumelanin building block 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA) and the 4,7-dideutero derivative (DHICA-d(2)) in buffered H(2)O or D(2)O have been characterized by using ultrafast time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Excitation of the carboxylate anion form, the dominating state at neutral pH, leads to dual fluorescence. The band peaking at lambda=37

Modeling the Effects of Project Management Strategies on Long-Term Product Knowledge

Abstract in UndeterminedIn a team, people sometimes leave the team and become replaced by new persons with less experience, and sometimes people participate in new activities and thereby obtain new knowledge. Different processes, in terms of different management strategies, can be followed, e.g., to introduce people to new tasks so they get new knowledge. There is a need to investigate the long te

Diagnostic and short-term prognostic utility of plasma pro-enkephalin (pro-ENK) for acute kidney injury in patients admitted with sepsis in the emergency department

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) aggravates the prognosis of patients with sepsis. Reliable biomarkers for early detection of AKI in this setting are lacking. Enkephalins influence kidney function, and may have a role in AKI from sepsis. We utilized a novel immunoassay for plasma proenkephalin (pro-ENK), a stable surrogate marker for endogenous enkephalins, in patients hospitalized with sepsis

The potential of supplemental instruction in engineering education - helping new students to adjust to and succeed in University studies

Supplemental Instruction (SI) is a programme that is attached to difficult courses with the objective of increasing student performance and retention. However, an SI programme also has the potential to increase overall student performance and retention during the first critical year if applied to introductory courses. In this study the latter objective is investigated in an engineering educational

Succinate independently stimulates full platelet activation via cAMP and PI3β kinase signaling.

Background: The citric cycle intermediate succinate has recently been identified as ligand for the G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) SUCNR1. We have previously found that this receptor is one of the most expressed GPCRs in human platelets. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of SUCNR1 in platelet aggregation and to explore the signalling pathways of this receptor in platel

Treatment for acute anterior cruciate ligament tear: five year outcome of randomised trial. : Five year outcome of randomised trial

Objective To compare, in young active adults with an acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear, the mid-term (five year) patient reported and radiographic outcomes between those treated with rehabilitation plus early ACL reconstruction and those treated with rehabilitation and optional delayed ACL reconstruction. Design Extended follow-up of prospective randomised controlled trial. Setting Ortho

The YjbH adaptor protein enhances proteolysis of the transcriptional regulator Spx in Staphylococcus aureus.

Spx is a global regulator that is widespread among the low G+C Gram-positive bacteria. Spx has been extensively studied in Bacillus subtilis, where it acts as an activator and a repressor of transcription in response to disulfide stress. Under non-stress conditions, Spx is rapidly degraded by the ClpXP protease. This degradation is enhanced by the YjbH adaptor protein. Upon disulfide stress, the a

On the K-theory of the C*-algebra associated with a one-sided shift space

One-sided shift spaces are a special kind of non-invertible topological dynamical system with which one can associate a C*-algebra. We show how to construct the C*-algebra associated with a one-sided shift space as the Cuntz-Pimsner C*-algebra of a C*-correspondence and use this to compute its K-theory.

Diabetes at the crossroads: relevance of disease classification to pathophysiology and treatment.

Diabetes is not a single homogeneous disease but composed of many diseases with hyperglycaemia as a common feature. Four factors have, historically, been used to identify this diversity: the age at onset; the severity of the disease, i.e. degree of loss of beta cell function; the degree of insulin resistance and the presence of diabetes-associated autoantibodies. Our broad understanding of the dis

OMERACT Filter Evidence Supporting the Measurement of At-work Productivity Loss as an Outcome Measure in Rheumatology Research.

Indicators of work role functioning (being at work, and being productive while at work) are important outcomes for persons with arthritis. As the worker productivity working group at OMERACT (Outcome Measures in Rheumatology), we sought to provide an evidence base for consensus on standardized instruments to measure worker productivity [both absenteeism and at-work productivity (presenteeism) as w