A nonintrusive three-dimensional trap for microscopic particles in a Liquid is described. The trap is based on acoustic radiation forces in an ultrasonic confocal standing-wave cavity. Experiments at 11 MHz demonstrate the concept and verify the theoretically calculated forces. Theoretical calculations for higher-frequency systems indicate a significant potential for low-rms-displacement trapping

von Willebrand's disease (VWD) is probably the most common bleeding disorder, with some studies indicating that up to 1% of the population may have the condition. Over recent years interest in VWD has fallen compared to that of haemophilia, partly the result of focus on blood-borne diseases such as HIV and hepatitis. Now the time has come to revisit VWD, and in view of this some 60 international p

We have explored the potential of cell factory-derived bioactive molecules, isolated from conditioned media of primary goat chondrocytes, for the repair of subchondral cartilage defects. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) confirms the presence of transforming growth factor-β1 in an isolated protein fraction (12.56 ± 1.15 ng/mg protein fraction). These bioactive molecules were used alone or

PURPOSE: Histologic grade is currently the best predictor of clinical course in chondrosarcoma patients. Grading suffers, however, from extensive interobserver variability and new objective markers are needed. Hence, we have investigated DNA copy numbers in chondrosarcomas with the purpose of identifying markers useful for prognosis and subclassification. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The overall pattern o

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is mediated by T cells that specifically recognize hapten-modified peptides. T cells are known to recognize antigens as short processed peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APC). It has previously been demonstrated that T cells can specifically recognize carbohydrates on the lysine at positi

The salivary protein statherin is known to adsorb selectively onto hydroxyapatite (HA), which constitutes the main mineral of the tooth enamel. This adsorption is believed to be crucial for its function as an inhibitor of primary (spontaneous) and secondary (crystal growth) precipitation of calcium phosphate salts present in saliva. A fragment corresponding to the first 21 N-terminus amino acids o

CD1d-restricted natural killer T (NKT) cells belong to the innate-like lymphocytes which respond rapidly to stress and infectious challenge. We have studied murine CD1d-restricted NKT cells in the early immune response to virulent Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium after oral infection. In the liver and spleen, neutrophil and macrophage numbers had increased several-fold by day 5 post-infecti

Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML) is a viral infection occurring in immunocompromised patients. The typical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings include supratentorial asymmetric nonenhancing white matter lesions without mass effect. We present a patient with progressive cerebellar and brain stem lesions, emphasizing the fact that the diagnosis of PML should be considered also

In the present study, we used a multilevel approach to investigate the role of maternal country of birth (MCOB) in predicting adolescent use of psychotropic medication in Sweden.

A chiral ligand-exchange phase for capillary electrochromatography based on continu-ous bed technology was developed. The chiral stationary phase is prepared by a one- step in situ copolymerization procedure using methacrylamide, piperazine diacryla- mide, vinylsulfonic acid and N-(2-hydroxy-3-allyloxypropyl)-L-4-hydroxyproline. These chiral continuous beds are inexpensive and easy to prepare. The

The focus of cancer research is on cancer-specific mutations, with most clinical trials involving targeted drugs. Huge numbers of DNA lesions and tumor resistance events, in each of the >10(13) cells of a human individual, form a striking contrast to the low, and also very narrow, cancer incidence window (10(-1)-10(0)). A detailed consideration of these quantitative observations seems to question

Objective: Several genetic loci have been suggested to be associated with bipolar disorder but results have been inconsistent. Studying associations between bipolar symptoms and candidate genes may better expose this relationship. Here we investigate the association between bipolar key symptoms and the P2RX7 gene. Methods: Key symptoms of mania were rated in two sets of medicated bipolar disorder

Recent work has shown that coagulation and innate immunity are tightly interwoven host responses that help eradicate an invading pathogen. Some bacterial species including Staphylococcus aureus secrete pro-coagulant factors that in turn can modulate these immune reactions. Such mechanisms may not only protect the microorganism from a lethal attack, but also promote bacterial proliferation and the

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is reviewed using the treatment of skin tumors as an example of superficial lesions and prostate cancer as an example of deep-lying lesions requiring interstitial intervention. These two applications are among the most commonly studied in oncological PDT, and illustrate well the different challenges facing the two modalities of PDT-superficial and interstitial. They thus

From a longitudinal prospective study, 160 women with spontaneous menopause and without steroid medication were followed during the transition from pre- to postmenopause. After 12 years 152 women were still participating in the study. Blood samples were drawn every 6 months until 1 year after the menopause and every 12 months thereafter. Measurements of bone mineral density (BMD) on the forearm we

Clin Microbiol InfectAbstract Propionibacterium acnes is a common and probably underestimated cause of delayed joint prosthesis infection. Bacterial biofilm formation is central in the pathogenesis of infections related to foreign material, and P. acnes has been shown to form biofilm both in vitro and in vivo. Here, biofilm formation by 93 P. acnes isolates, either from invasive infections (n = 45

This article considers the social organization of responses among human service staff to changes in public policy, using a study of a Swedish treatment center for juveniles as an illustration. The stance towards a new treatment ideology, “family-work,” was not one of either accepting or rejecting the new policy; the staff conveyed both embracing and distancing. Policy innovations, it is argued, cr