This review presents how the boreal and the tropical forests affect the atmosphere, its chemical composition, its function, and further how that affects the climate and, in return, the ecosystems through feedback processes. Observations from key tower sites standing out due to their long-term comprehensive observations: The Amazon Tall Tower Observatory in Central Amazonia, the Zotino Tall Tower O

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has renewed attention to the conflicting demands placed on caregivers worldwide. Nowhere is this more evident than in South Asia, where cultural norms and a scarcity of long-term care facilities have made the home the locus of caregiving for individuals with brain health conditions and disabilities. A hidden cost of this informal arrangement is the burden experien

Solar access describes the amount and distribution of sunlight in living environments. Access to sunlight is crucial for the health and sustainability of cities. It is vital for people and vegetation, and for energy production and conservation. The amount of sunlight entering the city space is restricted by the urban layout, as buildings obstruct solar access by shading each other and the surround

Aim To determine characteristics associated with more severe outcomes in a global registry of people with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and COVID-19.Methods People with SLE and COVID-19 reported in the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance registry from March 2020 to June 2021 were included. The ordinal outcome was defined as: (1) not hospitalised, (2) hospitalised with no oxygenation, (3) ho

The market of aortic endografts is in continuous development. Several endografts that have gained the CE mark are under investigation by the FDA before launching in the US market. This chapter describes their peculiarities and the evidence acquired with the use of these endografts. Since the majority of the devices described in this chapter have been recently introduced, the evidence on the feasib

The Gaia spacecraft presents an unprecedented opportunity to reveal the population of long period (a > 1 au) exoplanets orbiting stars across the H-R diagram, including white dwarfs. White dwarf planetary systems have played an important role in the study of planetary compositions, from their unique ability to provide bulk elemental abundances of planetary material in their atmospheres. Yet, very

Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH, complex II), which plays an essential role in mitochondrial respiration and tricarboxylic acid metabolism, requires the assembly of eight nuclear-encoded subunits and the insertion of various cofactors. Here, we report on the characterization of an Arabidopsis thaliana leucine-tyrosine-arginine (LYR) protein family member SDHAF1, (At2g39725) is a factor required for S

Introduction and objectives Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have an increased risk of sleep problems. Weighted blankets are one possible non-pharmacological intervention for these problems in this group of children. However, the effectiveness of weighted blankets is insufficiently investigated. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of weighted blankets in t

BACKGROUND: The ongoing climate change will elevate the incidence of diarrheal in 2030-2050 in Asia, including Taiwan. This study investigated associations between meteorological factors (temperature, precipitation) and burden of age-cause-specific diarrheal diseases in six regions of Taiwan using 13 years of (2004-2016) population-based data.METHODS: Weekly cause-specific diarrheal and meteorolog

Background: Patients in opioid substitution treatment (OST) have poorer health than the general population. Thus, they do not seek somatic health care to the extent that is medically motivated. Barriers hindering patients from seeking medical help through the conventional healthcare system result in a high degree of unmet healthcare needs. Barriers to, and facilitators of, OST patients’ healthcare

Fasting during the month of Ramadan constitutes one of the five pillars of Islam. Islam is the second largest religion in Sweden. Fasting starts as the sun rises and the latest meal intake (Suhoor) is before the sun rises. The first meal intake (Iftar) is at the end of the fasting period, which is at sunset. Based on epidemiological data it is known that a large proportion of persons with diabetes

Background: Clinical research has shown that therapeutic hypothermia after neonatal hypoxic-ischemic injury improves survival without disability. There is no consensus regarding pain relief or sedation during therapeutic hypothermia in newborns; however, therapeutic hypothermia seems to be associated with pain and stress, and adequate analgesia and sedation are central to maximize the effect of th

Background: Despite the advancement of electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring methods, the most important factor influencing diagnostic yield (DY) may still be monitoring duration. Ambulatory ECG monitoring, typically with 24–48 hours duration, is widely used but may result in underdiagnosis of rare arrhythmias. Aims: This study aimed to examine the relationship between the DY and monitoring duration

Background: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is treated with stenting, but the underlying stenosis is often not severe, and stenting may potentially be omitted. Aims: The aim of the study was to investigate outcomes of patients with STEMI treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) without stenting. Methods: Patients were identified through the DANAMI-3-DEFER study. Ste

Ice-core timescales are vital for the understanding of past climate; hence they should be updated whenever significant amounts of new data become available. Here, the Greenland ice-core chronology GICC05 was revised for the last 3835 years by synchronizing six deep ice cores and three shallow ice cores from the central Greenland ice sheet. A new method was applied by combining automated counting o