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We study the effects of principal instructional leadership on pupil educational achievement using longitudinal data of 120,394 teacher responses across 1919 schools in Sweden over 9 years. Through multilevel structural equation modelling, we test how teacher ratings of principal leadership influence indicators of educational achievement and the extent to which this effect is channelled through a c

Located on the Pacific Ring of Fire, the extended Japanese archipelago is among the most geologically hazardous zones for human habitation located anywhere on the planet. Despite these threats and challenges, Japan has supported a series of unique cultures and societies that have evolved and changed over many millennia. The major existential risks include relentless volcanic eruptions, earthquakes

Background: Because breast cancer (BC) is molecularly heterogeneous, diagnosis and treatment will likely benefit from comprehensive genetic profiling. However, routine, high-resolution sequencing is not feasible yet, due to implementation challenges associated with whole-genome sequencing of formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) BC samples. Therefore, we explored the potential of an alternative

Migratory songbirds have an internal circannual genetic programme that controls the timing and extent of migratory flight activity, as demonstrated by experiments with birds held in cages. We used multisensor data loggers to record the timing and duration of all migratory flights during the annual cycle of 15 free-living individuals of red-backed shrikes Lanius collurio. Annual actograms unexpecte

A blood biomarker-based staging system for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) could improve the diagnosis, prognosis and identification of individuals most likely to benefit from specific therapies. Here, using targeted mass spectrometry, we measured six phosphorylated and six nonphosphorylated tau peptides in plasma from two independent cohorts: BioFINDER-2 and TRIAD (n = 689). We also analyzed the ratios

Agricultural subsidies and taxation policies in Norway remain heavily skewed toward livestock, reinforcing structural barriers that hinder the transition toward sustainable and plant-based food systems. This study examines how policy drivers and barriers sustain Norway’s meat-dominated agricultural model and limit the development of plant-based production. To address this aim, the thesis investiga

This study examines a policy conflict in Sweden regarding the management of post-consumer waste wood, arising from the conflicting objectives of the European Union’s Waste Framework Directive (WFD) and the Renewable Energy Directive (RED). While the WFD prioritizes material recycling and reuse, Sweden’s current practice, directing approximately 90% of its waste wood to energy recovery through wast

The Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive represents a significant step in the development of sustainability due diligence, with the potential to improve the human rights and environmental impacts of corporations and their supply chains. Although some companies have already begun enhancing their sustainability due diligence in light of the directive, the process is hindered by numerous

In order to understand and manipulate biological function at the molecular level, access to high-resolution structures of biological macromolecules is essential, as structure is intimately linked to function. The two main experimental techniques that can achieve atomic, or near-atomic, resolution are crystallography and electron microscopy. Unfortunately, the experimental data alone is typically n

Purpose: To evaluate the role of blood perfusion and revascularization during the healing process of periocular defects treated with laissez-faire following tumor excision. Methods: Ten patients with periocular basal cell carcinomas underwent excision, followed by laissez-faire wound management. Blood perfusion was measured using laser speckle contrast imaging postoperatively. Results: Immediately

Global warming is expected to transfer carbon from soil organic matter to atmospheric CO 2, with microbial communities playing a crucial role in regulating this exchange. While the immediate impact of temperature on microbial functions is well understood and causes soil carbon losses, the long-term response remains unclear, with losses stabilising over time, reducing the overall effect of chronic

Accounting for the estimated number of undescribed species, Gelechioidea are thought to be among the most species-rich superfamilies of Lepidoptera, with 18,500 described species, including numerous pests of economically significant crops such as cotton, tomato and wheat. Family-level topology of the superfamily and the extent and the number of accepted families have received important revisions t