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Bumble bees are ubiquitous creatures and crucial pollinators to a vast assortment of crops worldwide. Bumble bee populations have been decreasing in recent decades, with demise of flower resources and pesticide exposure being two of several suggested pressures causing declines. Many empirical investigations have been performed on bumble bees and their natural history is well documented, but the un
In Ref. [1], Spencer and Soldatos proposed an enhanced modelling approach for fibre-reinforced composites which accounts for the fibre-bending stiffness in addition to the directional dependency induced by the fibres. Although analytical solutions for simple geometries have been derived over the past years, often subject to specific assumptions such as small deformation kinematics, the application
In Europe an increasing number of scholars from different disciplines show growing interest in studying interactions between society and wildlife. Europe’s diversity with regard to cultures, languages and governance systems for wildlife is reflected in the wealth of research perspectives on human-wildlife interactions. Today a variety of approaches, disciplinary perspectives, theoretical framework
The increasing computational capacity in recent years has spurred the growing use of combustion Large Eddy Simulation (LES) for engineering applications. The modeling of the subgrid stress and flux terms is well-established in LES, whereas the modeling of the filtered reaction rate terms is under intense development. The significance of the reaction mechanism is well documented, but only a few com
Fiber and penton base overproduced in adenovirus (Ad) infected cells can be secreted prior to progeny release and thereby regulate progeny spread. We aimed to investigate the mechanisms of fiber and penton base secretion in Ad2- or Ad5-infected A549 cells. Our flow cytometry analyses detected abundant surface fiber molecules, but little penton base molecules at 12 h post infection. Immunogold stai
Background Exposure to inorganic arsenic increases the risk of cancer and non-malignant diseases. Inefficient arsenic metabolism is a marker for susceptibility to arsenic toxicity. Arsenic may alter gene expression, possibly by altering DNA methylation. Objectives To elucidate the associations between arsenic exposure, gene expression, and DNA methylation in peripheral blood, and the modifying eff
Gastric bypass surgery results in remission of type 2 diabetes in the majority of patients. The incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) have been implicated in the observed remission. Most knowledge so far has been generated in obese subjects. To isolate the surgical effects of gastric bypass on metabolism and hormone responses from
Using a standard model in which the individual consumption path is computed solving an optimal control problem, we investigate central claims of Piketty (2014). Rather than r > g (confirmed in the data) r−ρ>g – with ρ being the rate of time preference – matters. If this condition holds and the elasticity of substitution in the production function is larger than one, the capital share converges to
Rotor-stator mixers (RSMs) can be operated in either batch or inline mode. When operating a rotor-stator geometry in batch mode, it typically experiences an order of magnitude higher volumetric flow through the stator than in inline mode. This is expected to cause differences in the flow and turbulence in the rotor-stator region. This study uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to study the hydr
Based on a study of two mediation centers in Sweden, this research shows how mediators encourage victim and offender impression management, regarding looks, attitudes, and speech. It shows how they supervise the emotion work of participants, preparing them for mediation encounters. The author investigates how mediators try to create a “balanced” interaction (e.g., preventing expressed prejudices o
We here investigate the growth mechanism of Sn-seeded GaSb nanowires and demonstrate how the seed particle and its dynamics at the growth interface of the nanowire determine the polarity, as well as the formation of structural defects. We use aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy imaging methodologies to study the interrelationship between the structural properties, i.e. p
Let (Formula presented.) denote the space of (Formula presented.)-valued analytic functions (Formula presented.) for which the Hankel operator (Formula presented.) is (Formula presented.)-bounded. Obtaining concrete characterizations of (Formula presented.) has proven to be notoriously hard. Let (Formula presented.) denote fractional differentiation. Motivated originally by control theory, we char
The type III receptor tyrosine kinase FLT3 is frequently mutated in acute myeloid leukemia. Oncogenic FLT3 mutants display constitutive activity leading to aberrant cell proliferation and survival. Phosphorylation on several critical tyrosine residues is known to be essential for FLT3 signaling. Among these tyrosine residues, Y842 is located in the so-called activation loop. The position of this t
The standard US diet contributes to greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) from both the food system, and from the health system through its contribution to non-communicable diseases. To estimate the potential for diet change to reduce GHGE and improve public health, we analyzed the effect of adopting healthier model diets in the USA on the risk of disease, health care costs, and GHGE. We found that adop
The endeavour to locate value in moral progress faces various substantive as well as more formal challenges. This paper focuses on challenges of the latter kind. After some preliminaries, Section 3 introduces two general kinds of “evaluative moral progress-claims”, and outlines a possible novel analysis of a (quasi) descriptive notion of moral progress. While Section 4 discusses certain logical fe
In the anthropological debate on human rights a new theoretical approach, a search for a middle ground, has been attempted to solve the dilemma of universalism versus cultural relativism. In the human rights discussion in general, and in the anthropological debate in particular, the dichotomy of universalism/relativism is seen as one major obstacle to the implementation. This article takes a criti
Despite high-hyperdiploid acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (HD-ALL) being the most common subgroup of paediatric ALL, its aetiology remains unknown. Genome-wide association studies have demonstrated association at 10q21.2. Here, we sought to determine how this region influences HD-ALL risk. We impute genotypes across the locus, finding the single nucleotide polymorphism rs7090445 highly associated wi
Among the numerous proposals to explain the nature of dark matter, there is the weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) scenario, which is based on a simple assumption that dark matter was in thermal equilibrium in the early hot Universe, and its particles have mass and interactions not too different from the massive particles in the standard model. In this Progress Article we overview the infe
