We demonstrate how the individual mirrors of a high-quality Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) mirror system can be aligned to each other to create an optimally focused beam, through minimizing aberrations in the phase of the ptychographically reconstructed pupil function. Different sources of misalignment and the distinctive phase artifacts they create are presented via experimental results from the alignment

Swash flows are commonly modeled using the nonlinear shallow water equations (NSWEs). In the derivation of the NSWEs, directly from depth-averaging the Navier-Stokes equations, a so-called momentum correction factor, β, emerges. In this study we present a numerical model of the NSWEs that includes β, which is allowed to vary in space and time, and feedback onto the flow. We apply this model to a s

The widely investigated oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is well-known to proceed via two competing routes, involving two or four electrons, and yielding different reaction products, respectively. Both pathways are believed to share a common, elusive intermediate, namely, the hydroperoxyl radical. By exploiting a cobalt single-atom biomimetic model catalyst, based on a self-assembled monolayer

Network-based biocomputation (NBC) is an alternative, parallel computation approach that can potentially solve technologically important, combinatorial problems with much lower energy consumption than electronic processors. In NBC, a combinatorial problem is encoded into a physical, nanofabricated network. The problem is solved by biological agents (such as cytoskeletal filaments driven by molecul

The 10 000 m speedskating event during the 2022 winter Olympics brought a new world record at 12 min and 30.74 s. In a document released after the competitions, the gold medalist Nils van der Poel describes his technique, including a focus on horizontal forces and a rapid sideways motion in connection with stride changes on the straight sections of the track (the ‘straightaways’). Based on a video

The study of slavery and coerced labour is increasingly conducted from a global perspective, and yet a dual Eurocentric bias remains: slavery primarily brings to mind the images of Atlantic chattel slavery, and most studies continue to be based – either outright or implicitly – on a model of northern European wage labour. This book constitutes an attempt to re-centre that story to Asia.With studie

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant has been associated with lesssevere acute disease, however, concerns remain as to whether long-termcomplaints persist to a similar extent as for earlier variants. Studying 1 323 145persons aged 18-70 years living in Norway with and without SARS-CoV-2infection in a prospective cohort study, we found that individuals infected withOmicron had a similar risk

Water molecules play important roles in all biochemical processes. Therefore, it is of key importance to obtain information of the structure, dynamics, and thermodynamics of water molecules around proteins. Numerous computational methods have been suggested with this aim. In this study, we compare the performance of conventional and grand-canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) molecular dynamics (MD) simula

Background: Contact allergy can manifest in a variety of ways clinically. Systemic contact allergy may occasionally present with pain in muscles and joints. Fibromyalgia is a chronic rheumatic disease characterized by pain and with virtually unknown aetiology. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the contact allergy rates to the sensitizers in a baseline series and compare with cor

Packaging can play a key role in reducing food waste and enabling resource efficient logistics operations. This paper offers insights into why this potential is not fully adopted by companies in food supply chains by exploring adoption barriers for sustainable packaging practices in ten companies in South Africa and Sweden. The paper develops an analytical framework from theory and applies it to t

This Swedish-language investigation concerns the usefulness of the Swedish property tax, introduced in 1862, as a source for studying wealth inequality in the agrarian sector. A one percent sample of all taxpayers in rural areas, following the original taxation lists archived at the National Archives in Stockholm, has been made for four counties in three years: 1870, 1900, 1920. The counties are M

Land cover changes threaten biodiversity by impacting the natural habitats and require careful and continuous assessment. The standard approach for assessing these changes is land cover modeling. The present study investigated the spatio-temporal changes in Land Use Land Cover (LULC) in the Gorgan River Basin (GRB) during the 1990–2020 period and predicted the changes by 2040. First, a change anal

The race to publish results during the outbreak of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has highlighted the relevance of sharing data and research results more quickly and openly than the current scientific communication system, as well as the role of social media in this context. This paper aims to analyze the impact of open access on the production and dissemination of knowledge about COVID-19 in tr

Antibiotikaresistens har länge utgjort en växande fara som innebär att enkla infektioner inte längre går att behandla. För att genomföra de nödvändiga förändringarna måste de mer välbeställda länderna bära en större del av bördan och kostnaderna än fattigare länder. Ett solidariskt förhållningssätt understryker vårt ömsesidiga beroende av varandra. Det ökar också möjligheten att antibiotika kommer

Water scarcity is an increasingly prevalent problem, with changing hydrological regimes due to climate change and human development taxing freshwater systems. One way to tackle this issue is through planned water reuse. This thesis explores the context of the agricultural application of treated wastewater in the European Union where Directive 2020/741 Minimum Requirements for Water Reuse was recen

Objective: To examine the relation between different types of alcoholic drinks and upper digestive tract cancers (oropharyngeal and oesophageal). Design: Population based study with baseline assessment of intake of beer, wine, and spirits, smoking habits, educational level, and 2-19 years' follow up on risk of upper digestive tract cancer. Setting: Denmark. Subjects: 15,117 men and 13,063 women ag

Sixteen patients were treated for gastrocolic fistula arising as a complication of peptic ulcer (11 cases), colonic perforation (2), gastric cancer (1), colonic cancer (1) or pancreatitis (1). The predominant symptoms were diarrhoea, weight loss and abdominal pain. Barium meal and barium enema were the most reliable means of diagnosis, and no fistula was gastroscopically demonstrable. A one-stage

Synucleinopathies are neurodegenerative disorders characterized by intracellular protein aggregates, progressive neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation. Alpha-synuclein (a-syn) is the principal component of intracellular aggregates and can be modified by several mutations and post-translational modifications (PTMs), which can alter the protein structure affecting its aggregation, toxicity, and a