Objective: Non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are characterized by predominant defective insulin secretion. However, in non-obese T2DM patients, metformin, targeting insulin resistance. is non-inferior to the prandial insulin secretagogue, repaglinide, controlling overall glycaemia (HbA(1c)). Whether the same apply for postprandial glucose and lipid metabolism is unknown. Here. we comp

IdeS, a recently discovered cysteine proteinase secreted by the important human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes, interferes with phagocytic killing by specifically cleaving the heavy chain of immunoglobulin G. The fact that the enzyme targets one of the key molecules of the adapted immune response raised the question of whether an antibody response against IdeS could inhibit, i.e., neutralize, enz

Affymetrix GeneChip technology and quantitative real-time PCR (Q-PCR) were used to examine changes in gene expression in the adult murine substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) following lentiviral glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) delivery in adult striatum. We identified several genes that were upregulated after GDNF treatment. Among these, the gene encoding the transmembrane prot

Helicobacter pylori attaches via lectins, carbohydrate binding proteins, to the carbohydrate residues of gastric mucins. Guinea-pigs are a suitable model for a H. pylori infection and thus the carbohydrate composition of normal and H. pylori infected gastric mucosa was investigated by lectin histochemistry. The stomach of all infected animals showed signs of an active chronic gastritis in their mu

Objective - LDL oxidation is believed to play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis, and oxidized LDL particles have been shown to become targets for the immune system. Immunization of animals with oxidized LDL results in reduction of atherosclerosis, suggesting an atheroprotective effect of this immune response. Methods and Results - Using a polypeptide library covering the comp

Improving the survival rate and quality of life of patients with acute and chronic hepatic dysfunction still represents a challenge. Cell-based therapeutic hepatocyte transplantation has great potential to serve as a temporary support and “bridge” prior to a donor organ becoming available, or even as therapy for replacing a compromised liver. In this review we describe potential applications of hu

This study was performed to investigate the glomerular permeability alterations responsible for the microalbuminuria occurring in endotoxemia and during anaphylactic shock. In anaesthetized Wistar rats, the left ureter was catheterized for urine collection, while simultaneously, blood access was achieved. Endotoxemia was induced by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from E. Coli, and glomerular permeability

The outcomes of press perturbation experiments on community dynamics are difficult to predict because there is a high degree of indeterminacy in the strength and direction of ecological interactions. Ecologists need to quantify uncertainties in estimates of interaction strength, by determining all the possible values a given interaction strength could take and the relative likelihood of each value

OBJECTIVE: To investigate changes in regional blood flows (RBF) and vascular porosity during the early phase of the autologous collagen II induced arthritis model (CIA) in rats and the possible influence of indomethacin and nitric oxide (NO) synthase on these variables. METHODS: RBF was measured with the microsphere method and vascular porosity by determination of extravasation of radiolabeled alb

A synthesis inversion based on the atmospheric zoom model TM5 is used to derive top-down estimates of CH4 emissions from individual European countries for the year 2001. We employ a model zoom over Europe with 1 degrees x 1 degrees resolution that is two-way nested into the global model domain (with resolution of 6 degrees x 4 degrees). This approach ensures consistent boundary conditions for the

Background: In several studies, patients with alcohol dependence treated with the opioid antagonist naltrexone have shown fewer relapses to heavy drinking than those receiving placebo. An interaction between the naltrexone effect and the type of psychological therapy has been observed. Methods: A 6-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study was performed at 10 different investi

Previous work has suggested that dragonfly ocelli are specifically adapted to resolve horizontally extended features of the world, such as the horizon. We investigate the optical and anatomical properties of the median ocellus of Hemicordulia tau and Aeshna mixta to determine the extent to which the findings support this conclusion. Dragonfly median ocelli are shown to possess a number of remarkab

We describe a test which uses the ability of viable cells to reduce 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) to detect resistance to a bactericidal drug, rifampin, in in vitro-cultured Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The assay shows a linear relationship between the number of viable bacteria and the ability to reduce MTT. Dead mycobacteria were unable to reduce MTT. Rifampin

Abstract is not available

We present calculations of ground state and excitation energies for ethene between metal electrodes. The model determines the effects of the electrodes by incorporating a heterogeneous and structured solvation model with the quantum mechanical description of the molecular system. The effects of the electrodes are of electrostatic origin and an external bias can be applied enabling a close connecti

Popular Abstract in Swedish När en människa är död är det prästens uppgift i begravningsgudstjänsten att hålla griftetal. Hur präster i Svenska kyrkan och i Borgå stift löser denna uppgift är en viktig fråga med tanke på att begravningsgudstjänsten är det tillfälle då flest människor kommer i kontakt med kristen förkunnelse. Särskilt fokuserar studien på hur prästen som teolog och själavårdare lösThe aim of this thesis is, using a comparative approach, to examine the pastoral function of the funeral homily as a faith interpretation and a life interpretation in funeral services in the Church of Sweden and in the diocese of Porvoo in Finland. In the Church of Sweden, represented here by the diocese of Växjö, the diocese of Strängnäs, the diocese of Härnösand, and the Evangelical Lutheran Chu

SAMMANFATTNING För att förstå beteendet hos puts på träullsskivor under upprepad upp fuktning och uttorkning utsattes remsor av putsade träullsskivor för uttorkning och upp fuktning under kontrollerade förhållanden. Remsornas deformationer, d.v.s. den axiella deformationen samt deformationer vinkelrätta mot remsornas längdaxel, bestämdes under pågående upp fuktning och uttorkning. Provningarna utf

This book deals with ’have’ in ancient Greek. Two different types of ’have’-constructions were used, viz., on the one hand, the active transitive verb ἔχω and, on the other hand, the verb εἶναι, ’be’, with a complement in the dative case (here called the ἔστι μοι construction). A transitive ’have’ does not seem to be of Proto-Indo-European origin but rather an innovation in separate Indo-European

Popular Abstract in Swedish Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning på svenska (Comprehensive summary in Swedish) Uppföljning av blodtryck (BT), medicinering och njurfunktion efter endovaskulär behandling av njurartärsteno's Bakgrund Förträngning av njuren's tillförande blodkärl, njurartärsteno's (RAS), är den vanligaste sekundära formen av högt BT (hypertension) och svarar för ca 1-5% av hypertensiRenal artery stenosis (RAS) causes hypertension, decreased glomerular filteration rate (GFR), and renal ischemia. RAS is progressive and causes 5-16% of all cases of renal failure. Prevalence of RAS in patients with hypertension is 1-5%. Today percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) with or without stenting is a widely accepted treatment of RAS. Treatment of renal artery occlusion (RAO)