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No drugs are currently approved that change the natural course of osteoarthritis (OA) and translate to long-term, clinically relevant benefits. Two-stage clinical trial designs for OA have now received FDA approval, but remaining challenges lie in defining suitable study populations, surrogate outcomes and pivotal long-term, clinically relevant trial endpoints.
We consider the Ginzburg–Landau functional, defined on a two-dimensional simply connected domain with smooth boundary, in the situation when the applied magnetic field is piecewise constant with a jump discontinuity along a smooth curve. In the regime of large Ginzburg–Landau parameter and strong magnetic field, we study the concentration of the minimizing configurations along this discontinuity b
The overall aim of this thesis is to gain a clearer picture of the differences in mobility among the young-old living in Sweden’s large metropolitan regions. This thesis comprises four papers. Paper I explores the inclusion of public transport as an element of mobility among the young-old living in the Stockholm region. Paper II presents an analysis of cycling among older people in the city of Mal
Användningen av plast kommer att fördubblas inom 20 år, enligt plastbranschen. Det handlar inte längre om att förbjuda sugrör eller plastkassar – det saknas en vision för hela plastanvändningen, skriver tre forskare i Lund
Bacteroides ovatus is a member of the human gut microbiota. The importance of this microbial consortium involves the degradation of complex dietary glycans mainly conferred by glycoside hydrolases. In this study we focus on one such catabolic glycoside hydrolase from B. ovatus. The enzyme, termed BoMan26A, is a β-mannanase that takes part in the hydrolytic degradation of galactomannans. The crysta
Neurotransmitter release is dependent on influx of Ca2+ through voltage-operated calcium channels (VOCCs). These channels may be divided into L, N, T and P subtypes. To investigate the subtypes of VOCC involved in transmitter release from adrenergic nerves in the isolated rabbit ear artery, the effects of some subtype selective VOCC antagonists were examined on contractile responses induced by ele
1. Vascular effects of substance P were studied in human isolated pial arteries removed from 14 patients undergoing cerebral cortical resection. 2. Substance P induced a concentration-dependent relaxation in the presence of indomethacin. No relaxation was seen in arteries where the endothelium had been removed. 3. N omega-nitro-L-arginine (L-NOARG, 0.3 mM) abolished the relaxation in arteries from
Purpose: To investigate the change in incidence of referred carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and carpal tunnel release (CTR) surgery over time and regional variations. Methods: From the nationwide patient registry, we identified all adult individuals who had received first-time CTS diagnosis (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision code G560) at secondary or tertiary level and first-ti
Background: Older people with intellectual disability have high multimorbidity and poor physical and mental health compared with the general population. Consequently, they have a greater need for health care. Hospital readmissions may be an indicator of the quality of health care. However, so far, only a few studies have investigated this outcome in populations of people with intellectual disabili
The mechanisms and significance of basal ganglia oscillations is a fundamental research question engaging both clinical and basic investigators. In Parkinson's disease (PD), neural activity in basal ganglia nuclei is characterized by oscillatory patterns that are believed to disrupt the dynamic processing of movement-related information and thus generate motor symptoms. Beta-band oscillations asso
Rats and mice with unilateral damage to the nigrostriatal dopamine system-induced by neurotoxins, such as 6-hydroxydopamine, overexpression of α-synuclein, or injections of toxic synuclein protofibrils-are widely used as experimental models to mimic the loss of dopamine neurons seen in Parkinson's disease. The amphetamine rotation test is commonly used to monitor the extent of motor impairment ind
Transportplanering är mycket komplext. Forskning och praktik är överens om attfärdmedelsandelen för kollektivtrafik och andra hållbara färdmedel behöver öka.Samtidigt är det inte självklart hur vägen dit ska gå och hur man bäst stödjerbeslutsfattarna så att besluten leder till avsedda mål.Denna rapport handlar om planering och analys av infrastrukturprojektet Spårväg syd iStockholms län. Syftet va
Längs stränderna i Italien, Spanien och vid Öresund har vi alla hittat plastföremål som flyter i havet och ligger på stränderna. I Europa hamnar upp till en halv miljon ton plastavfall i haven varje år. Det motsvarar 66 000 sopbilar som dumpar sitt avfall direkt i havet istället för återvinningscentralen. Efter att frågan vuxit under de senaste åren har EU-länderna nu tagit upp kampen mot detta pr
The role of hybridization in evolution has been debated for more than a century regarding bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts) as well as most other organisms. Bryophytes have haplodiplontic life cycles with a dominant haploid generation. Hybridization in bryophytes involves fusion of gametes produced by haploid parental gametophytes of different species. The hybrid is thus the short-livThe role of hybridization in evolution has been debated for more than a century regarding bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts) as well as most other organisms. Bryophytes have haplodiplontic life cycles with a dominant haploid generation. Hybridization in bryophytes involves fusion of gametes produced by haploid parental gametophytes of different species. The hybrid is thus the short-liv
Under ASLA-symposiet hölls för första gången ett panelsamtal om forskningsbehov i språkämnena där lärare, språkforskare och gymnasieelever deltog. I detta kapitel situerar vi idén med panelsamtalet i studier av lärares roll i och för den praktiknära skolforskningen. Vi redogör för några modeller för samverkan mellan lärare och forskare och diskuterar identifierade framgångsfaktorer i praktiknära f
Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning(Summary in Swedish)Hjärnskada som orsakas av olyckor är en vanlig orsak till både handikapp och död bland vuxna. För 30 år sedan var majoriteten av de som drabbades yngre eller väldigt gamla. Ålderssammansättningen av de som drabbas har skiftat under de senaste 20 åren och nu är det ungefär lika vanligt i alla åldrar. Dessutom är den vanligaste olycksorsaken inte
Cerebral intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants continues to be a major clinical problem associated with neurodevelopmental abnormalities manifested by cognitive, behavioral, attentional, social and motor deficits. Hypothesis and aims: The central thesis is that the cytotoxicity of extravasated blood and of consequently released cell-free hemoglobin(Hb) is pivotal for the pathophysiologica
