Spike-specific antibodies are central to effective COVID19 immunity. Research efforts have focused on antibodies that neutralize the ACE2-Spike interaction but not on non-neutralizing antibodies. Antibody-dependent phagocytosis is an immune mechanism enhanced by opsonization, where typically, more bound antibodies trigger a stronger phagocyte response. Here, we show that Spike-specific antibodies,

Background: Omission of breakfast results in higher glucose and lower insulin and incretin hormone levels after both lunch and dinner. Whether omission of lunch has a similar impact on the following meal is not known. Aim: This study therefore explored whether omission of lunch ingestion affects glucose, islet and incretin hormones after dinner ingestion in healthy subjects. Materials & Method

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate language ability in internationally adopted children aged 7-8 years with and without a unilateral cleft lip and palate. Methods: We compared 27 internationally adopted children with a unilateral cleft lip and palate, adopted from China, with a group of 29 children without a cleft lip and palate, adopted from different countries. Participants were recru

Background: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were used in electrical equipment and a range of construction materials. Although banned in the United States and most of Europe in the 1970s, they are highly persistent in the environment and bioaccumulate. Whether PCBs are associated with liver cancer risk at general population levels is unknown. Methods: This study consisted of 136 incident liver can

Previously, microRNA‐100 (miR‐100) and its putative mRNA target, insulin‐like growth factor receptor‐1 (IGF1R) were identified as differentially and inversely expressed in bovine longissimus dorsi (LD) muscles with divergent intramuscular fat (IMF) content by our group. While IGF1R signaling is implicated in myogenesis and muscle lipid metabolism, the underlying regulatory mechanisms are poorly un

Current land use and climate change pose a threat to the continued provision of ecosystem services expected from terrestrial land cover. Studies on past land-cover responses to such changes provide valuable information for future decisions. The hemiboreal zone, situated between temperate and boreal biomes, is a natural sensitivity hotspot for land cover change: it contains a continuous distributio

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) emerge during development from the vascular wall of the main embryonic arteries. The onset of circulation triggers several processes that provide critical external factors for HSC generation. Nevertheless, it is not fully understood how and when the onset of circulation affects HSC emergence. Here we show that in Ncx1−/− mouse embryos devoid of circulation the HSC l

Obesity is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, which is the most common cancer in women worldwide (excluding non‐melanoma skin cancer). Furthermore, breast cancer patients with obesity have an impaired prognosis. Adipose tissue is abundant in the breast. There-fore, breast cancer develops in an adipose‐rich environment. During obesity, changes in the local environment in the breast

We report on the inclusive J / ψ production cross section measured at the CERN Large Hadron Collider in proton–proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy s=13 TeV. The J / ψ mesons are reconstructed in the e +e - decay channel and the measurements are performed at midrapidity (| y| < 0.9) in the transverse-momentum interval 0 < pT< 40 GeV/c, using a minimum-bias data sample corresponding to an i

Somali post-conflict development faces many challenges that affect the sustainability of the water sector. This paper reviews and analyses the post-conflict development activities in the water sector through local communications and reviewing published materials and databases from international players in Somalia, funding agencies and financial tracking service. The paper has shown that there has

Farmers’ market implementation holds promise for increasing access to healthy foods. Although rarely measured, purchase data constitute an intermediate outcome between food environment and actual consumption. In a study conducted with two seasonal Fruits and Vegetables (FV) stands in a disadvantaged area of Montréal (Canada), we analysed how accessibility, perception, and mobility-related factors

Reducing vulnerability is essential for adaptation to climate change. Compared to approaches that examine vulnerability to a specific hazard, our analysis offers an alternative perspective that conceptualizes vulnerability to climate change as a phenomenon that is independent of any specific type of hazard but relevant to multiple hazards. Vulnerability is thus a product of structural inequality a

Ecological stability encompasses multiple dimensions of functional and compositional responses to environmental change. Though no single stability dimension used in isolation can fully reflect the overall response to environmental change, a common vulnerability assessment that integrates simultaneously across multiple stability components is highly desirable for ecological risk assessment. We deve

Hyperspectral lidar (HSL) is a novel remote sensing technology that provides spectral information in addition to spatial features. This unprecedented data source leads to new possibilities for monitoring leaf biochemistry. Inversion of physically based radiative transfer models (RTMs) is a popular method for deriving leaf physiological traits due to its robustness and generalization capability. Ho

Evidence of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health behaviours in the general population is limited. In this retrospective longitudinal study including UK and US participants, we collected diet and lifestyle data pre-pandemic (896,286) and peri-pandemic (291,871) using a mobile health app, and we computed a bidirectional health behaviour disruption index. Disruption of health behaviour was h

The EU’s fiscal rules, set out in the Maastricht Treaty of 1993 and the Stability and Growth Pact of 1997, are anchored to GDP. The debt ceiling and the deficit threshold are set to 60 percent and 3 percent of GDP, respectively. Recently, prominent economists and policymakers, have argued that that the debt ceiling should be raised due to falling bond yields. By extension, this argument suggests a