Functional imaging studies have revealed that certain brainstem areas are activated during migraine attacks. The neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is associated with activation of the trigeminovascular system, transmission of nociceptive information and plays a key role in migraine pathophysiology. Therefore, to elucidate the role of CGRP it is critical to identify the regions wi

Purpose: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a frequent and aggressive type of primary brain tumor with a heterogeneous origin. GBM is highly therapy resistant and carries a dismal prognosis for the patient. The purpose of this discovery study was to define candidate plasma biomarker signatures for improved classification and novel means for selecting patients for refined individualized therapy. Expe

Serglycin (SG) is a proteoglycan expressed by hematopoietic cells and is constitutively secreted by multiple myeloma (MM) cells. SG participates in the regulation of various inflammatory events. We found that SG secreted by human MM cell lines inhibits both the classical and lectin pathways of complement, without influencing alternative pathway activity. The inhibitory effect of SG is due to direc

Introduction Hypospadias is one of the most common congenital anomalies. There are many studies describing successful initial repair, but there are few studies examining long-term result. The aims of this study were to evaluate our patients that have been reconstructed for hypospadias and undergone final clinical examination after puberty and to assess how long clinical follow-up time is warranted

Victim defence against enemies can be divided into resistance (minimizing successful enemy attacks) and tolerance (minimizing the fitness impact of enemy attacks). Although resistance has a negative effect on enemy fitness, tolerance, by this definition, does not necessarily; the relative importance of resistance and tolerance within a population might therefore affect enemy-victim coevolution. Re

Bug report assignment is an important part of software maintenance. In particular, incorrect assignments of bug reports to development teams can be very expensive in large software development projects. Several studies propose automating bug assignment techniques using machine learning in open source software contexts, but no study exists for large-scale proprietary projects in industry. The goal

In Law in Modern Society, Denis Galligan argues that adopting a social scientific perspective, which describes and analyses the law in extra-legal terms, can easily entail losing sight of the law as a distinct social formation. To avoid this pitfall, socio-legal research should contextualise those features of the legal system which are relevant to the actions of citizens and officials of the law.

Objective: To evaluate differences in tibial trabecular bone (TB) texture between subjects with and without radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA) using a variance orientation transform (VOT) method. Design: Subjects with knee OA (Kellgren & Lawrence grade >= 2) and controls without OA (both n = 26, seven women) were matched by sex, age, body mass index and compartment. The VOT method was appli

This study estimates the avoidable and unavoidable costs of alcohol-related, liver cirrhosis inpatient care, controlling for the lag structure and period of decline in disease risk. Lag structures with different lengths are applied to the exposure to risk from alcohol consumption, which allows for differentiation between avoidable and unavoidable cases due to prior consumption. A lag length of 20

The natural history and physiological determinants of glucose intolerance in subjects living in Europe have not been investigated. The aim of this study was to increase our understanding of this area. We analysed the data from a population-based cohort of 1,048 non-diabetic, normotensive men and women (aged 30-60 years) in whom insulin sensitivity was measured by the glucose clamp technique (M/I i

Low tidal volume (V-T), PEEP, and low plateau pressure (P-PLAT) are lung protective during acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This study tested the hypothesis that the aspiration of dead space (ASPIDS) together with computer simulation can help maintain gas exchange at these settings, thus promoting protection of the lungs. ARDS was induced in pigs using surfactant perturbation plus an in

Taste-sensing type 2 receptors (TAS2Rs) have been implicated in extraoral functions. Airway smooth muscle expresses TAS2Rs and is strongly relaxed by TAS2R agonists. We hypothesised that TAS2R agonists might affect vascular smooth muscle as well. Moreover, the general pharmacological profile of TAS2R agonists, which are used to investigate the functions of TAS2R׳s, are undefined. The aim of this s

Retinal transplantation experiments have advanced considerably during recent years, but remaining diseased photoreceptor cells in the host retina and inner retinal cells in the transplant physically obstruct the development of graft-host neuronal contacts which are required for vision. Recently, we developed methods for the isolation of donor photoreceptor layers in vitro, and the selective remova

Under det senaste decenniet har en rad kvinnliga författare kommit att bli framgångsrika inom den svenska deckargenren. Det vanliga epitetet ”deckardrottning” vittnar om att framgången står i relation till en offentlig och medialiserad version av författarskapen, där den kvinnliga erfarenheten spelar en betydande roll. Liza Marklund och Camilla Läckberg är de två bland dessa författarskap som skap

We report on the solar-light-mediated degradation of trimethyl phosphate (TMP) and triethyl phosphate (TEP) on hematite and goethite nanoparticles in synthetic air. Adsorption and photoreactions of TMP and TEP were studied by in situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) on dry and water-precovered nanoparticles in dark and under simulated solar light irradiation. Tw

In spite of frequent discussions of misuse and misunderstanding of probability values (P-values) they still appear in most scientific publications, and the disadvantages of erroneous and simplistic P-value interpretations grow with the number of scientific publications. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage prefer confidence intervals. This is a brief discussion of problems surrounding P-values and confide

The development of functional foods with low glycemic index and high levels of RS are of importance in the fight against the rapidly increasing rates of obesity and chronic diseases in modern societies. In this work, three cereal bars containing white maize, blue maize, or unripe banana flours were prepared. The proximal composition, in vitro starch digestibility and product acceptability were eva

Cross-presentation of cellular antigens is crucial for priming CD8(+) T cells, and generating immunity to intracellular pathogens-particularly viruses. It is unclear which intestinal phagocytes perform this function in vivo. To address this, we examined dendritic cells (DCs) from the intestinal lymph of IFABP-tOVA 232-4 mice, which express ovalbumin in small intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Amo