With electrification of vehicles comes an increasing demand on low noise, which for gears translates to transmission error. In this paper, static transmission error, STE, is found for a large number of manufacturing error combinations belonging to different tolerance classes, with focus on those typically used in the automotive industry. There is a lack of studies found in the scientific literatur

The aim of the study is to identify reliable quantitative fetal echocardiographic predictors for postnatal development of coarctation (CoA). In this retrospective study, we included 65 fetuses with a prenatally suspected, isolated CoA, born 2010–2018. Dimensions of the cardiac structures, aortic, and ductal arches expressed as ratios and Z-scores were analyzed in relation to outcome. Fetuses that

This paper presents a search for new heavy particles decaying into a pair of top quarks using 139 fb−1 of proton-proton collision data recorded at a centre-of-mass energy of s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The search is performed using events consistent with pair production of high-transverse-momentum top quarks and their subsequent decays into the fully hadronic f

The spin polarization in centrosymmetric molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) bulk crystal is recorded by helicity dependent photocurrent exposed as elliptically polarized terahertz (THz) emission. We assign this observation to hidden spin polarization due to the local Dresselhaus effect induced by the molybdenum atomic site asymmetry. This spin polarization induces ultrafast optically controlled circular

The purpose of this perspective article is to critically explore the launch of the mission for 100 climate neutral cities in Europe. An overview of the mission approach in general is first presented, where key aspects and emerging critiques are identified. Second, key elements of the mission for 100 climate neutral cities in Europe are introduced along with some of its challenges and ambiguities.

The chapter outlines the main themes that emerge in discussing the futures of cultural heritage tourism in the MENA region. Six main themes are identified. The tensions between the social and economic dimensions of heritage are illustrated in the construction of heritage, especially for international and domestic tourists. These tensions are also to be found in the wat in which heritage is deliber

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease which is manifested by a progressive and irreversible decline of cognition, memory loss, a shortened attention span, and changes in personality. Aging and genetic pre-dispositions, particularly the presence of a specific form of apolipoprotein E (APOE), are main risk factors of sporadic AD; however, a large body of evidence has shown that mul

In this Letter, we report the first measurement of the inelastic cross section for antideuteron-nucleus interactions at low particle momenta, covering a range of 0.3≤p

Objective: Accumulation of amyloid-β is among the earliest changes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Amyloid-β positron emission tomography (PET) and Aβ42 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) both assess amyloid-β pathology in-vivo, but 10–20% of cases show discordant (CSF+/PET− or CSF-/PET+) results. The neuropathological correspondence with amyloid-β CSF/PET discordance is unknown. Methods: We included 21 pa

Children require a large amount of time, effort, and resources to raise. Physical help, financial contributions, medical care, and other types of assistance from kin and social network members allow couples to space births closer together while maintaining or increasing child survival. We examine the impact of kin availability on couples' reproductive success in the early twentieth-century United

Increasing water deficits and severe droughts are expected to alter the dynamics of vegetation post-disturbance recovery by decreasing new recruitment and limiting growth in semi-arid Mediterranean ecosystems in future. However, which vegetation metrics will be shifted and how they respond over time are not clear, and the experimental evidence is still limited. Here we assessed the impacts of a lo

BACKGROUND: (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadienyl acetate (ZETA, Z9,E12-14:OAc) is a major sex pheromone component for many stored-product moth species. This pheromone is used worldwide for mating disruption, detection, monitoring, and mass trapping in raw and processed food storage facilities. In this study, we demonstrate the biological production of ZETA pheromone by engineered yeast Saccharomyces cerevis

HSC aging is clinically associated with risk of anemia, immune compromise, and malignancy. Mansell et al. show that mitochondrial activity is directly linked to age-related performance of HSCs and that its perturbation has direct consequences for HSC function, resulting in alleviation or prevention of hematopoietic aging.

The global climate transition from the Lateglacial to the Early Holocene is dominated by a rapid warming trend driven by an increase in orbital summer insolation over high northern latitudes and related feedbacks. The warming trend was interrupted by several abrupt shifts between colder (stadial) and warmer (interstadial) climate states following instabilities of the Atlantic Meridional Overturnin

Both atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition and precipitation can strongly impact below-ground biogeochemical processes. Soil extracellular enzymes activities (EEAs) and microorganisms are considered as the key agents in ecosystem nutrient cycling. However, how the interaction between increasing N deposition and precipitation may affect soil EEAs and microbes remain poorly understood. In a 5-year fie

Background and aims: Genetic loci associated with CHD show different relationships with intima-media thickness in the common carotid artery (IMT-CCA) and in the bulb (IMT-bulb). We evaluated if IMT-CCA and IMT-bulb differ also with respect to circulating protein profiles and risk of incident atherosclerotic disease. Methods: In three Swedish cohorts (MDC, IMPROVE, PIVUS, total n > 7000), IMT-CCA a

It is unclear if mild-to-moderate dehydration independently affects mood without confounders like heat exposure or exercise. This study examined the acute effect of cellular dehydration on mood. Forty-nine adults (55 % female, age 39 (SD 8) years) were assigned to counterbalanced, crossover trials. Intracellular dehydration was induced with 2-h (0·1 ml/kg per min) 3 % hypertonic saline (HYPER) inf

With the increased occurrence of climate extremes, there is an urgent need to better understand how management strategies affect the capacity of the soil microbial community to maintain its ecosystem functions (e.g. nutrient cycling). To address this issue, intact monoliths were extracted from conventional and ecological managed grasslands in three countries across Europe and exposed under common

A search for new-physics resonances decaying into a lepton and a jet performed by the ATLAS experiment is presented. Scalar leptoquarks pair-produced in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider are considered using an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1, corresponding to the full Run 2 dataset. They are searched for in events with two electrons or two muons and two or more jets, incl