In a democratic system, various party political views are set against each other, i.e. there are opposing positions, for voters to choose between, because in a democratic system the power proceeds from the people. However, national parliaments within the EU are criticised for their democratic deficit, which can be caused by the lack of opposition, a so called opposition deficit. The problem is con

This study concerns digital diplomacy and the changing role of the diplomatic profession. By constructing a survey followed by descriptive in-depth interviews, this study demonstrates that Swedish diplomats have overall a positive view on social media’s role within the profession. The use of social media has increased the transparency of the profession and the citizen dialoge. Furthermore, this th

Bakgrund: Tidningen Vi i Villa är en annonsfinansierad gratistidning som grundades 1957, sedan dess har tidningens innehållsmässiga mål varit att ge läsaren råd och rön kring ekonomi och skötsel av villor. Under 2010-talet har Vi i Villa skickas ut till Sveriges alla villahushåll 8–10 gånger om året. De senaste åren har tidningen stoltserat med att enligt egen utsago vara ”Sveriges största Villati

names, template names, and variables. Macros was used as a quick fix to create complex components. The result was five subprojects where each project explored different ways of designing the prototype. One way was to use macros to create cylinders and connect them to input and output signals in SIMIT. The second was to create templates and then use an Excel sheet to assign the signals. The templat

The Covid-19 pandemic is one of the deadliest in modern history. Vaccines are currently the primary resource used for stopping the pandemic and minimizing harm. Yet despite scientific literature demonstrating the inefficiency of inequitable vaccine distribution, richer countries have historically and are currently procuring disproportionate amounts of vaccines; causing higher mortality rates, decr

Det svenska arbetslivet är horisontellt könssegregerat. Kvinnor och män arbetar, till stor grad, inom olika sektorer, branscher och yrken. En metod för att få in rätt kompetens i organisationer är kompetensförsörjning och platsannonser används ofta för att utlysa tjänster. Språket och formuleringarna i platsannonsen kan påverka om den sökande kan identifiera sig med bilden av den ideala sökande so

Tune up – A qualitative interview study about choir music and integration [Translated title] This essay concerns the use of choral music in relation to integration. The purpose of the study has been to investigate which aspects of choral singing are emphasized as important in the integration process, with a special focus on music and community. The study is based on semi-structured interviews wit

Barn i svenska förskolor utsätts för höga ljudnivåer som kan orsaka hörselskador och röstrelaterade problem bland både lärare och elever. Detta på grund av att de behöver höja rösten för att göra sig hörda i en bullrig miljö. På grund av detta är det av intresse att på något sätt kunna förutse ljudmiljön i just förskolor. Detta kan exempelvis göras genom att falta binaurala inspelningar av förskolChildren in Swedish preschools are exposed to high noise levels that can cause hearing damage or voice related problems among both teachers and students, this since they have to raise their voice in order to make themselves heard in a noisy environment. Because of this it is of interest to be able to predict the sound environment in preschools. A way to do this is through convolving binaural recor

Små molekyler med stor inverkan - interferon alfas roll i Systemisk Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Systemisk Lupus Erythematosus är en autoimmun sjukdom där immunförsvaret attackerar kroppens egna vävnader. Detta leder till en kronisk inflammation som kan yttra sig i en rad olika manifestationer beroende på var inflammationen sker. Sjukdomsaktiviteten går i perioder, dvs att den går upp i skov där patSystemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease where the immune system is attacking the body and its tissues. This leads to a chronic inflammation that can affect different parts of the body and therefore present itself in a vast variety of symptoms. Depending on the activity of the disease it can go up in flares where the patients experience symptoms and then go down into recession.

I 29 kap. 1 § brottsbalken anges att straffet för ett brott ska bestämmas inom ramen för den tillämpliga straffskalan efter brottets straffvärde. Straffvärdet för ett brott kan anses spegla brottets allvarlighet och flera omständigheter kan påverka straffvärdet. I 29 kap. 2 § BrB anges försvårande omständigheter som påverkar straffvärdet i skärpande riktning. Hedersmotiv kan beaktas inom ramen fChapter 29 section 1 of The Swedish Criminal Code, hereafter called SCC, states that the penalty shall be determined within the framework of the applicable scale of penalties according to the penalty value of the offence. The penalty value can be considered a reflection of the seriousness of the offence. There are a number of circumstances which may affect the penalty value. Chapter 29 section 2 S

Våld i nära relationer och särskilt mäns våld mot kvinnor, anses idag utgöra ett allvarligt samhällsproblem. Det finns studier som visar att ungefär vart tionde barn i Sverige någon gång har upplevt våld mellan närstående vuxna. Detta kan få förödande konsekvenser för barnet i form av både fysiska och psykiska skador. Att låta barn bevittna våld eller andra brottsliga gärningar mellan närstående äViolence in close relationships and especially men’s violence against women, is today considered a social problem. There are studies showing that approximately every tenth child in Sweden has ever experienced violence between related adults. This can cause devastating consequences for a child, such as both physical and mental injuries. Letting children witness violence or other criminal acts betwe

Reglerna om konkurrensbegränsande offentlig säljverksamhet i 3 kap. 27–32 §§ konkurrenslagen (2008:579) (KOS-reglerna) ska motverka den konflikt som kan uppstå när en offentlig aktör bedriver näringsverksamhet i konkurrens med privata aktörer. Den centrala bestämmelsen i 3 kap. 27 § konkurrenslagen (konfliktlösningsregeln) innebär i korthet att en domstol kan förbjuda den offentliga aktören från aThe rules on anti-competitive public sales activity in chapter 3 sections 27–32 of the Competition Act (2008:576) were adopted to prevent the conflict which arises when a public entity conducts in business operations in competition with private companies. In brief, the key rule in chapter 3 section 27 of the Competition Act makes it possible for a court to prohibit the public entity from acting in

The valorization of lignin offers sustainable and renewable products and materials. For that reason lignin needs to be further analyzed although the various challenges this process implicates. The major obstacles in this field are lignin’s chemical heterogeneity, all the modifications in lignin’s chemical structure owing to its extraction method and purification process and the lack of appropriate

Context: Urban air pollution is considered a significant factor contributing to increased respiratory and cardiovascular mortality in cities. Many studies focused on the relationship between exposure to diesel exhaust and human health effects, demonstrating the toxicity of such gases. Biodiesel is described as a more carbon-neutral alternative to petroleum derivatives, but few studies have been co

The Carnation Revolution of 1974 represents the overthrowing of one of the longest surviving and extensive authoritarian regimes in Europe, namely the Estado Novo regime in Portugal. Considering a variety of geopolitical factors however, it can be questioned why such a regime did not fall earlier. With an integrated analysis of O’Donnells and Schmitter’s theory, our research looks to examine wheth

Recently, we have witnessed an upsurge of right-wing populist parties in Europe. It is now clear how the rhetoric and politics of right-wing populist parties are normalized and thus move from the outer edge towards the center of politics. As early as 1991, New Democracy tried to establish itself in Swedish politics with a goal of reducing immigration and strengthening the country's security. T

The state administration is the last link in the chain of assignments and responsibilities, where the people vote for a parliament, which elects a prime minister, who appoints a government whose subordinate state administration must ensure that its policies are implemented. If you turn it around, the state administration is responsible to the government, the government to the parliament and the pa

Kolhydrater kan användas som en energikälla i kroppen, men de kan även användas för mycket mer än så. I alla organismer finns celler vars ytor är täckta av olika sockermolekyler vilka är avgörande för cellernas överlevnad samt kommunikation med andra celler. Ett exempel på ett sådant socker är sialinsyra; en syrlig kolhydrat med en nio kol lång kolkedja. Patogener, exempelvis en del bakterier, kanSialic acids are a large family of acidic sugars. One of the most abundant is N-acetylneuraminic acid. Sialic acids are found at the terminal position of glycan chains of all cell types. Their wide distribution makes them have a broad set of biological functions, for example cell to cell interaction and communication. Bacteria can utilize sialic acid for two purposes; 1) as a source of carbon, nit

Expected Shortfall has become a prominent risk measure after the global financial crisis which hit the economy in 2007. This master thesis examines whether Expected Shortfall (ES) estimation gives better estimates when we incorporate skewness and the impact during turbulent versus tranquil period. This specific analysis scrutinized daily total returns (TR) of three Indexes: Standard & Poor 500