Limited data are available on the pathogenesis of HIV-2, and the evolution of Env molecular properties during disease progression is not fully elucidated. We investigated the intra-patient evolution of molecular properties of HIV-2 Env regions (V1–C3) during the asymptomatic, treatment-naïve phase of the infection in 16 study participants, stratified into faster or slower progressors. Most notably

The selective cytotoxicity of the lysosomotropic methyl esters of leucine or its lysosomal condensation product leucyl-leucine has been used to investigate the effect of cytolytic cells on the clonal outgrowth, cellular proliferation and antibody secretion of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed human B cells. Large granular lymphocytes (LGL), monocytes, and a subset of T cells (CD8/CD11+) were pe

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy, HIV sero-negative blood donors have been in vitro immunized using penv9, a recombinant fragment of the envelope of HIV-1. This primary in vitro immunization followed by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transformation and somatic cell fusion subsequently gave rise to several specific anti-penv9 monoclonal antibodies (MO28, MO30 and MO43) of μ isotype. The hybridom

Cell-free hemoglobin (CFH), a pro-oxidant and cytotoxic compound that is released in hemolysis, has been associated with nephrotoxicity. Lung transplantation (LuTx) is a clinical condition with a high incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI). In this study, we investigated the plasma levels of CFH and haptoglobin, a CFH-binding serum protein, in prospectively enrolled LuTx patients (n = 20) with and

Human monoclonal antibodies specific for human cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigens have been established using peripheral blood lymphocytes from a seropositive donor. Immortalization of antigen-specific B cells was achieved by Epstein-Barr virus transformation followed by somatic cell fusion of antigen-specific lymphoblastoid cells. Four clones producing high-affinity antibodies (0.2-7 × 109 M-1) speci

Downy mildew disease, caused by the biotrophic oomycete Peronospora variabilis, is the largest threat to the cultivation of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) in the Andean highlands, and occurs worldwide. However, so far, no molecular study of the quinoa–Peronospora interaction has been reported. Here, we developed tools to study downy mildew disease in quinoa at the gene expression level. P. var

Interactions of hard partons in the Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP) created with relativistic heavy ion collisions lead to characteristic modifications of the internal structure of reconstructed jets. A large part of the observed jet sub-structure modifications stem from the QGP’s response to energy and momentum deposited by hard partons. Good control over medium response in theoretical calculations is t

Purpose: To describe performed moral case deliberations and present a nationwide study of difficult situations and moral questions raised by healthcare professionals during moral case deliberations in Swedish childhood cancer care. Methods: Written reports (n = 72) about difficult situations and moral questions were completed by healthcare professionals, trained as facilitators, who implemented mo

Sediments from the only permanent lake on the island of Jan Mayen (71°N, 08°30′W), Lake Nordlaguna (NL), were investigated. The lake, with an area of ∼1 km2, is situated at the foot of the world's northernmost active subaerial volcano and is separated from the sea by a 150–240 m wide beach barrier, which reaches 4–5 m above sea level. Most of the lake is deeper than 25 m, with the deepest part bei

Water molecules play important roles in all biochemical processes. Therefore, it is of key importance to obtain information of the structure, dynamics, and thermodynamics of water molecules around proteins. Numerous computational methods have been suggested with this aim. In this study, we compare the performance of conventional and grand-canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) molecular dynamics (MD) simula

Background: Obtaining reliable data under explicit evaluations is one of the most complicated challenges in assessing drug users' status. Respondents are likely to give answers that are to their advantage or deliberately deceitful. Regarding drug use, intense and inevitable drug craving is known as one of the main causes of relapse and treatment failure. As a matter of fact, drug craving is direct

Analogs of the incretin hormones Gip and Glp-1 are used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity. Findings in experimental models suggest that manipulating several hormones simultaneously may be more effective. To identify small molecules that increase the number of incretin-expressing cells, we established a high-throughput in vivo chemical screen by using the gip promoter to drive the expression of

INTRODUCTION Self-compassion and satisfaction derived from helping others is part of healthcare providers’ professional quality of life. The aim of this study was to explore and psychometrically test two instruments measuring self-compassion and professional quality of life among midwives and nurse assistants. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study with midwives and nurse assistants working with

Background: Environmental exposures to industrial chemicals, including perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), may play a role in bone development and future risk of osteoporosis. However, as prospective evidence is limited, the role of developmental PFAS exposures in bone density changes in childhood is unclear. The objective of this study was to estimate associations between serum-PFAS concentrations

Land cover changes threaten biodiversity by impacting the natural habitats and require careful and continuous assessment. The standard approach for assessing these changes is land cover modeling. The present study investigated the spatio-temporal changes in Land Use Land Cover (LULC) in the Gorgan River Basin (GRB) during the 1990–2020 period and predicted the changes by 2040. First, a change anal

Although active transport contributes to environmental and human health, only limited research has been conducted on what makes people participate in active transport in tourism-related contexts. To fill this gap, research was conducted on theoretically conceptualized relationships between pro-social behavior on active transport, air quality, climate change mitigation, and health with a moderator

We propose a continuous variable quantum state tomography protocol of electrons which result from the ionization of atoms or molecules by the absorption of extreme ultraviolet light pulses. Our protocol is benchmarked against a direct calculation of the quantum state of photoelectrons ejected from helium and argon in the vicinity of a Fano resonance. In the latter case, we furthermore distill ion-

Adiabatic laminar burning velocities for pyrrole/air flames were experimentally determined using the heat flux method, over equivalence ratios ranging from 0.6 to 1.3, at atmospheric pressure and initial temperature of 338 K. The detailed kinetic model of the authors was extended by the reactions of pyrrole and its intermediates based on previous theoretical studies and analogies to reactions of s

Purpose: To assess the association between cystatin C-derived estimates of kidney function and mortality and acute kidney injury (AKI) in sepsis. Materials and methods: Post-hoc analysis of sepsis patients in the FINNAKI-cohort (n = 802). Primary outcome was 90-day mortality. We measured plasma cystatin C and creatinine at intensive care unit (ICU) admission and estimated glomerular filtration rat