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Ethical Teachings of Abū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī : Economics of Happiness

This book studies the interplay of economic philosophy and moral conduct as reflected in the writings of one of the most renowned scholars in Islamic history, Abū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī (d. 1111). Al-Ghazālī contributed to Islamic theology, philosophy, and Sufism but is also regarded as one of the forerunners of classical economic thought in Islamic tradition.Al-Ghazālī made seminal contributions to the

MiDAS 5 : Global diversity of bacteria and archaea in anaerobic digesters

Anaerobic digestion of organic waste into methane and carbon dioxide (biogas) is carried out by complex microbial communities. Here, we use full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing of 285 full-scale anaerobic digesters (ADs) to expand our knowledge about diversity and function of the bacteria and archaea in ADs worldwide. The sequences are processed into full-length 16S rRNA amplicon sequence variants

Repeatability of Epithelium Thickness Measured by an AS-OCT in Different Grades of Keratoconus and Compared to AS-OCT/Placido Topography

PURPOSE: To compare agreement of corneal epithelium thickness (ET) between AS-OCT system (RTVue, Optovue) and AS-OCT/Placido topographer (MS-39, CSO) in eyes with different stages of keratoconus (KC), and to assess the repeatability of RTVue AS-OCT. DESIGN: Prospective reliability analysis. METHODS: KC eyes were classified into forme fruste KC (FFKC), mild, moderate, and severe KC. Agreement was e

Postmortem imaging reveals patterns of medial temporal lobe vulnerability to tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease

Our current understanding of the spread and neurodegenerative effects of tau neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) within the medial temporal lobe (MTL) during the early stages of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is limited by the presence of confounding non-AD pathologies and the two-dimensional (2-D) nature of conventional histology studies. Here, we combine ex vivo MRI and serial histological imaging from 25

Orchidopexy for undescended testis—rate and predictors of re-ascent

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the rate of re-ascent requiring re-operation after primary orchidopexy and to investigate eventual differences between the inguinal and scrotal approach as well as other potential predictors for re-ascent. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of children treated for undescended testis (UDT) with orchidopexy between 2018 and 2022 was conducted. The primary

Support for sexual and reproductive health and rights in Sub-Saharan Africa : a new index based on World Values Survey data

Background: Addressing attitudes is central to achieving sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) and Agenda 2030. We aimed to develop a comprehensive index to measure attitudinal support for SRHR, expanding opportunities for global trend analyses and tailored interventions. Methods: We designed a new module capturing attitudes towards different dimensions of SRHR, collected via the nation

Effect of dimethyl fumarate on mitochondrial metabolism in a pediatric porcine model of asphyxia-induced in-hospital cardiac arrest

Neurological and cardiac injuries are significant contributors to morbidity and mortality following pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA). Preservation of mitochondrial function may be critical for reducing these injuries. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) has shown potential to enhance mitochondrial content and reduce oxidative damage. To investigate the efficacy of DMF in mitigating mitochondrial in

Sit-to-stand performance in children with cerebral palsy : a population-based cross-sectional study

Background: Sit-to-stand (STS) is one of the most commonly performed functional movements in a child’s daily life that enables the child to perform functional activities such as independent transfer and to initiate walking and self-care. Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often have reduced STS ability. The aim of this study was to describe STS performance in a national based total population of ch

Modulating protein unfolding and refolding via the synergistic association of an anionic and a nonionic surfactant

Hypothesis: Nonionic surfactants can counter the deleterious effect that anionic surfactants have on proteins, where the folded states are retrieved from a previously unfolded state. However, further studies are required to refine our understanding of the underlying mechanism of the refolding process. While interactions between nonionic surfactants and tightly folded proteins are not anticipated,

Conceptualizing Flexible Organizational Structures in Social Movements of Neglected Geographies: A Case Study of the Shame Movement’s Transformation in Georgia

The success of social movements is highly dependent on their sustainability, as in their efforts to produce meaningful change, they inevitably encounter oppressive dominant forces. With the advent of the social media era, scholarly research on collective action has acquired an additional dimension, bringing the role of their communicative constitution to the forefront of discussions. However, a de

Oral histories of domestic heating transitions in England and Sweden : lessons on how heating transitions play out across place and time

Over the last seventy years, most European countries have undergone one or more transitions in home heating provision. Moving first away from burning solid fuels and towards communal or individual central heating systems and now towards low carbon electric heating systems. Heating transitions are awash with personal, social and cultural complexity but tend to be simplified into grand narratives th

Using provocative PR and promotional communication to leverage a vegan activist brand: An exploratory study of Mr. Charlie’s communicative strategies

An increasingly competitive market, as well as transforming consumer expectations, have considerably altered the socio-economic landscape in which contemporary profit-making organizations operate. As a result, it is more difficult than ever to establish a successful and distinct brand, whilst adhering to fast-changing customer demands – especially when consumers bank on brands to fulfil a higher p

Moving beyond Mediatized Activism for Social Justice: Creating Visual Safe/Brave Spaces for Activists

The large-scale mass mobilizations and colossal demonstrations of the last decade have shown that digital and social media platforms, globally, now play significant roles in early formation and further facilitation of activist movements, interested in progressive causes and societal changes. However, the repercussions of the very same events have also clearly shown the shortcomings of mediatized a

The Trolley Problem and Isaac Asimov's First Law of Robotics

How to make robots safe for humans is intensely debated, within academia as well as in industry, media and on the political arena. Hardly any discussion of the subject fails to mention Isaac Asimov’s three laws of Robotics. We find it curious that a set of fictional laws can have such a strong impact on discussions about a real-world problem and we think this needs to be looked into.The probably mHow to make robots safe for humans is intensely debated, within academia as well as in industry, media and on the political arena. Hardly any discussion of the subject fails to mention Isaac Asimov’s three laws of Robotics. Asimov’s laws and the Trolley Problem are usually discussed separately but there is a connection in that the Trolley Problem poses a seemingly unsolvable problem for Asimov’s F

The Lessons of the Gezi Park Protests in Turkey

The mass mobilization and the collective political engagement of the Gezi Park protests of 2013 came as a surprise for many in Turkey. What was new about these large-scale demonstrations was not only the sheer number of people taking place in them (more than 3.5 million), but rather the expansive range of the protesters.This presentation looks into the Gezi events through a research question of Ho