Machine learning techniques often lack formal correctness guarantees, evidenced by the widespread adversarial examples that plague most deep-learning applications. This lack of formal guarantees resulted in several research efforts that aim at verifying Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), with a particular focus on safety-critical applications. However, formal verification techniques still face major sca

The primary objective of this study is to explore and define digital competence from a customer perspective and to examine its impact on an organization's customer-based brand equity. This involves understanding how digital competence influences customer perceptions and contributes to the value of a brand in the digital realm.Design/methodology/approach100 qualitative surveys were conducted to gat

Repointing is a prevalent maintenance practice in Northern Europe aimed at mitigating moisture-related damage in brick masonry buildings. Although commonly used, evidence of its effectiveness is limited. This study assesses repointing’s role in reducing damage risks by conducting a probabilistic hygrothermal analysis of two wall types: timber frame walls and masonry cavity walls. Results indicate

In the Swedish city of Helsingborg, in the southernmost county of Skåne, there is a prominent equestrian statue of Magnus Stenbock (1666–1717). Unveiled in 1901, it is a testament to his popularity as a commander of the Carolean Army and provincial governor general. The memorial culture surrounding Stenbock included various monuments, festivals, and parades in Skåne (Scania) and particularly in He

This paper serves as a first identification step in a two-step model-based control synthesis problem of switched linear systems (SLSs). More precisely, we present an algorithm that addresses the realization of the multi-input/multi-output MIMO-SLSs from Markov parameters under mild assumptions on the dwell-times and the submodels. A key point of the proposed approach is the introduction of the for

In this paper, we propose a framework to iden-tify discrete-time, multi-input/multi-output (MIMO), switched-linear systems (SLSs) from input-output data. The key step is an observer-based transformation to a switched auto-regressive with exogenous input (SARX) model. This transformation has a nontrivial kernel complicating identification, but converts the state-space identification problem to SARX

In-situ measurements of the volume fraction of nanoparticles generated during the combustion of single iron particles were conducted using a high-speed light extinction method. The process of nanoparticles generation from iron particles burning under conditions of 21% oxygen concentration and ambient temperatures of 1400 K and 1850 K can be divided into three stages: acceleration of productivity,

The concentrations of gas-phase potassium hydroxide (KOH), potassium chloride (KCl) and atomic potassium (K(g)) were quantitatively measured from the near-surface to downstream area of burning pinewood pellets by a newly developed photofragmentation tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (PF-TDLAS) technique to reveal the original form of the released potassium. The novel arrangement of the P

The elucidation of premixed ethylene/air combustion mechanisms holds theoretical significance for optimizing engines such as pulse detonation engines and rotating detonation engines. The flame front structure constitutes a vital factor of premixed ethylene/air combustion mechanisms, while the prevailing planar laser-induced fluorescence techniques currently in use fall short of directly visualizin

To reach their net-zero targets, countries will have to compensate hard-to-abate CO2 emissions through carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Yet, current assessments rarely include socio-cultural or institutional aspects or fail to contextualize CDR options for implementation. Here we present a context-specific feasibility assessment of CDR options for the example of Germany. We assess 14 CDR options, inc

Many claims have been made in the past that Management and Organization Studies (MOS) is becoming increasingly fragmented, and that this fragmentation is causing it to drift into self-reference and irrelevance. Despite the weight of this claim, it has not yet been subjected to a systematic empirical test. This paper addresses this research gap using the tribalization approach and diachronic co-cit

Place branders express a desire for their work to aid in addressing crises such as climate change through sustainable developments that assist with brand positioning, yet little is known about how place branding professionals manage tensions and contradictions that arise between sustainability and investment development. This paper qualitatively explores how place branders talk about ecological su

Objective: Research suggests that recurrent seizures may lead to neuronal injury. Neurofilament light chain protein (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels increase in cerebrospinal fluid and blood in response to neuroaxonal damage, and they have been hypothesized as potential biomarkers for epilepsy. We examined plasma NfL and GFAP levels and their diagnostic utility in differenti

India has positioned itself as a leader in transitioning its energy sector to renewable sources, with ambitious targets and policies in place. Large-scale grid-integrated renewable energy plants have been identified as the most efficient option. Scholarly arguments differ regarding the impacts of renewables-led transitions, with some emphasizing positive environmental, economic, and social outcome

Nitrogenase is the only enzyme that can cleave the strong triple bond in N2, making nitrogen available for biological life. Despite extensive research, the mechanism of nitrogen fixation by nitrogenase is not fully understood, partly due to the enzyme’s complex structure, which includes the largest iron–sulfur cluster known in metalloenzymes, the FeMo cluster. Understanding this process requires t