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Interplay between human STING genotype and bacterial NADase activity regulates inter-individual disease variability

Variability in disease severity caused by a microbial pathogen is impacted by each infection representing a unique combination of host and pathogen genomes. Here, we show that the outcome of invasive Streptococcus pyogenes infection is regulated by an interplay between human STING genotype and bacterial NADase activity. S. pyogenes-derived c-di-AMP diffuses via streptolysin O pores into macrophage

The tenets of quantile-based inference in Bayesian models

Bayesian inference can be extended to probability distributions defined in terms of their inverse distribution function, i.e. their quantile function. This applies to both prior and likelihood. Quantile-based likelihood is useful in models with sampling distributions which lack an explicit probability density function. Quantile-based prior allows for flexible distributions to express expert knowle

Censorship and Private Shows : Mapping British Film Propaganda in Sweden

While much previous research has focused on the propaganda war in Swedish cinemas, including both newsreels and feature films, little attention has been devoted to the clandestine film screenings that were organized by member clubs, friendship societies and other associations throughout the course of the Second World War. During the war, both Nazi Germany and the Allies invested heavily in propaga

Targeting miRNA by CRISPR/Cas in cancer : advantages and challenges

Clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) has changed biomedical research and provided entirely new models to analyze every aspect of biomedical sciences during the last decade. In the study of cancer, the CRISPR/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) system opens new avenues into issues that were once unknown in our knowledge of the noncoding genome, tumor heterogeneity, and pr

Variable splitting methods for constrained state estimation in partially observed markov processes

In this letter, we propose a class of efficient, accurate, and general methods for solving state-estimation problems with equality and inequality constraints. The methods are based on recent developments in variable splitting and partially observed Markov processes. We first present the generalized framework based on variable splitting, then develop efficient methods to solve the state-estimation

Calibrated Adaptive Probabilistic ODE Solvers

Probabilistic solvers for ordinary differential equations assign a posterior measure to the solution of an initial value problem. The joint covariance of this distribution provides an estimate of the (global) approximation error. The contraction rate of this error estimate as a function of the solver's step size identifies it as a well-calibrated worst-case error, but its explicit numerical value

Expectation–maximization algorithm with a nonlinear kalman smoother for MEG/EEG connectivity estimation

Current techniques to determine functional or effective connectivity from magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG) signals typically involve two sequential steps: 1) estimation of the source current distribution from the sensor data, for example, by minimum-norm estimation or beamforming, and 2) fitting a multivariate autoregressive (MVAR) model to estimate the AR coefficients

Continuous-Discrete von Mises-Fisher Filtering on S2 for Reference Vector Tracking

This paper is concerned with tracking of reference vectors in the continuous-discrete-time setting. For this end, an Itô stochastic differential equation, using the gyroscope as input, is formulated that explicitly accounts for the geometry of the problem. The filtering problem is solved by restricting the prediction and filtering distributions to the von Mises-Fisher class, resulting in ordinary

Climate City Contracts? Governing towards Climate Neutral Cities

Climate City Contracts or CCCs are being developed in the context of a larger mission, with many stakeholders, funding, and growing momentum, hopefully providing a new force, legitimacy, and inspiration to ongoing urban climate actions. CCCs differ from current strategies for tackling climate change in cities because they are being developed in the context of the mission approach to tackle some of

An urban ‘age of timber’? Tensions and contradictions in the low-carbon imaginary of the bioeconomic city

What will the low-carbon cities of tomorrow be made from? We see an unexpected answer today in the return of ‘premodern’/‘preindustrial’ materials to central cities and skylines. Champions of new mass timber materials have driven a race on iconic ‘plyscrapers’ and, increasingly, novel systems of industrial prefabrication. Drawing on the notion of sociotechnical imaginaries, we explore how advocate

The Adoption of Mobile Technologies in Healthcare: The Perceptions of Healthcare Professionals Regarding Knowledge Management Practices in Developing Countries

The purpose of this paper is to explore the perceptions of healthcare professionals (HCPs) in the countries of India and Pakistan, that impede knowledge management practices by adopting mobile technologies in healthcare. An exploratory study was conducted among healthcare professionals in India and Pakistan to assess their perceptions regarding knowledge management practices using mobile applicati

Development of a Survey Instrument to Explore Telehealth Adoption in the Healthcare Domain

The purpose of this paper is to present a validated and reliable survey instrument to explore the determinants of telehealth adoption by healthcare professionals in developing countries. The survey instrument has been procreated for measuring the determinants of telehealth adoption in the Indian healthcare domain. A research design was conceived whereby three stages of methodologies were applied t

‘State Bureaucrats’ and ‘Those NGO People’ : Promoting the idea of civil society, hindering the state

One of the characteristics of Polish foreign aid is its focus on the ‘transition experience’ and civil society. This specific celebration of the ‘Polish success story’ contrasts sharply with public debates that frequently criticise the weaknesses of Polish civil society and the difficulties in state – non-state relations. The Polish Aid apparatus itself is not immune to these problems, often exhib

Interleukin-10 : A Potential Pre-Cannulation Marker for Development of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Receiving Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

INTRODUCTION: Acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients treated with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is associated with high mortality. The objective of this study was to investigate whether cytokine levels before the initiation of ECMO treatment could predict AKI. We also aimed to investigate the impact of AKI on 30-day and 1-year mortality.METHODS: Serum cytokine levels w

Centrosome Movements Are TUBG1-Dependent

The centrosome of mammalian cells is in constant movement and its motion plays a part in cell differentiation and cell division. The purpose of this study was to establish the involvement of the TUBG meshwork in centrosomal motility. In live cells, we used a monomeric red-fluorescenceprotein-tagged centrin 2 gene and a green-fluorescence-protein-tagged TUBG1 gene for labeling the centrosome and th

What should academics do about conspiracy theories? : Moving beyond debunking to better deal with conspiratorial movements, misinformation and post-truth.

Many people use conspiracy theories to make sense of a changing world and its ever more complexif social structures (e.g., international financial systems, global bodies of governance), tragic events (e.g., terrorist attacks, man-made catastrophes, or natural disasters), or socio-political and economic issues (e.g., security, migration, distribution of resources, health care). The widespread flour

From recipient to donor : The case of Polish developmental cooperation

Research on development aid has focused on Western powers—the global South's 20th century colonial masters—largely ignoring the practices of donors who are not members of the West-dominated Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and its Development Assistance Committee (DAC). This article informs about the world of "non-DAC donors," through examining Polish development aid and its s