Maternal Rotavirus antibodies inhibit rotavirus specific B cell responses in offspring For infants, the period following birth is marked by a developmentally immature immune system and increasing exposure to pathogens, however it is also a period in which maternally derived antibodies are still present in the neonate. These antibodies are obtained during pregnancy through the placenta and follow

The construction industry is expected to generate 2.2 billion tons of waste by the year 2025 and was responsible for 39 % of GHG emissions generated by the building processes and energy consumption, in 2017. In 2018, the Swedish construction industry accounted for 21 % of the total GHG emissions (including imported emissions) and 35 % of the total amount of waste in the country. In these past deca

Hur cancerceller ska bli bättre på att göra sig synlig för immunförsvaret Immunförsvaret består utav många olika celler som alla är med i att försvara kroppen från hot, när dom upptäcker en fara finns en del celler som kan eliminera målet, dom kallas T-celler. Ett hot som uppkommer i kroppen är cancer. Det finns många olika orsaker till att cancer uppstår, däribland arvsanlag men också miljöfaktoThe many cases of malignant melanoma and the following relapses after standard-of-care treatment demands inventions on finding new treatment to this cancer disease. One of the reasons for reduced clinical response in melanoma is the downregulation of tumor specific antigens which results in decreased tumor recognition, followed by tumor escape and progression. This study investigated the potential

Transports, and transport infrastructures enable and deliver vital societal functions in today’s society. At the same time, as sustainability becomes more and more important these sectors fail to enable the rate of change that international and national policies calls for. The electrification of the transport sector is a key driver of the future’s sustainable transport system, and the number of el

Previous research has shown that intermediate-advanced L2 learners of Swedish with a non-tonal L1 can use word accents to predict the upcoming suffix as L1 Swedish speakers do. This was also the case of low-intermediate L2 learners who produced word accents after being instructed on the Swedish prosodic system. On the contrary, previous findings on L2 Swedish learners with a tonal L1 exhibited no

The project aims to learn about Chinese young people's choices and attitudes towards cooking and solve their problems in cooking. The solution is presented in the form of a product --- a multifunctional electrothermal cooking appliance. The traditional Chinese saying "Food is god for the people" shows the importance of diet in Chinese life. But today, more and more Chinese young peo

We live in a society where online shopping is becoming the most common form of shopping. Companies are investing and growing their online market by offering cheap and quick deliveries, online offers that beat in-store prices and increasing the number of package pick-up locations. We live a faster-paced lifestyle, which makes online shopping more convenient for us. The rapid change in our shopping

It has been shown that pollinators mediate selection on floral traits of food-deceptive orchids. However, few studies have disentangled the mechanisms linking floral traits to performance and fitness, providing an opportunity to gain a deeper understanding of the process of natural selection. In this project, we studied trait-performance-fitness relationships on three food-deceptive Dactylorhiza o

Physical Properties of Prebiotic Membranes One of the most fundamental questions in science that remains unanswered today is the question of the origin of life on Earth. Life is defined as a chemical system with the capacity of self-replication and undergoing Darwinian evolution. Origin of life research focuses on the transition of physics and chemistry to such a chemical system. For life to ari

Functional Data Analysis (FDA) is a field that has been growing rapidly over the last few decades, with much ongoing research and many recent publications. The focus for Functional Data Analysis is the study of so called functional data, that is data that is assumed to have been generated from a true, underlying function, where we can only observe a sequence of measurements. We propose a method t

Previous studies of the neural correlates of episodic memory formation have been limited because the design of experiments tended to restrict natural viewing behavior, and thus they overlooked the role of eye movements in memory formation. The goal of the present study is to offer new insights into understanding the neural mechanisms of episodic memory formation in naturalistic viewing at the leve

Arbetet presenterar en metod som uppskattar ljud så som en människa uppfattar det i ett rum. Metoden kan användas i exempelvis applikationer med augmented reality och brusreducering. Att kunna uppskatta ljud i ett ljudfält är en nödvändighet för många applikationer. I exempelvis aktivt brusreducerade hörlurar får man in en signal som man vill tysta genom att skicka ut en motsatt signal, som i teoThere are different ways of evaluating the sound pressure in a sound field. Doing so is an essential part of several applications, such as active sound control and voice analysis. One way of evaluating the sound pressure in a sound field is by measuring a few discrete points in the field, combined with an interpolation method to find the sound pressure for the remaining field. Recently, it has bee

The field of machine learning has advanced significantly in recent decades, and, at the same time, computational power has improved to the point where training large machine learning models, such as artificial neural networks, is now accessible. Consequently, there has been a rise in the use of these models within the financial sector, with some firms leveraging them to assist with investment deci

This research is concerned with the relation between racism and the notion of rurality. More specifically, it studies a formally defined rural area in France where the State relocated migrants between 2016 and 2019, placing them in a derelict military camp. By so doing, the study contributes to the ongoing debate whether the rural-urban dichotomy should be considered a sufficiently realistic or de

Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica) is a problematic plant species that causes a lot of damage on anthropological constructions as well as ecosystems throughout Europe. Several attempts have been made to control this species, such as glyphosates, cutting/mowing, covering with geoweave and digging, so far with varying degrees of success. In recent times different techniques of heat treatment ha

Algae exhibit different strategies to avoid predation by zooplankton. In green algae, which are generally not known for being toxic, colony formation or a protective mucilage cover can be such defence mechanisms. This study investigates the predation defence of Microglena globulifera (Chlamydomonadales), a unicellular freshwater green alga, against the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus. Rotifers gro

Vägen till helvetet är kantad av defekta humlor Pollination är avgörande både för grödor och vilda växter, men de senaste decennierna har antalet pollinatörer minskat, särskilt de viktiga humlorna. Humlor får avkomma på ett sätt som gör dem särskilt känsliga för inavel. Jag har prövat två metoder för att upptäcka inavel i två humlearter, mosshumla (Bombus muscorum) och haghumla (Bombus sylvarum),Bumblebees, a pollinator, are haplodiploid with single-locus complementary sex determination (sl-CSD) and as a consequence can give rise to diploid males. Diploid males have previously been found to be associated with high costs and multiple severe effects. Mostly studied on Bombus terrestris, a common species, the frequency of diploid males have been suggested as a measure of inbreeding and there

Human-mediated landscape alterations has led to habitat loss for many pollinator species, causing declines in both diversity and abundance. In addition to habitat loss, habitat fragmentation can reduce population connectivity and lead to declines in genetic diversity, the variation that enable adaptation to novel conditions. In spite of this, to which extent pollinator species have lost genetic di

The trade-off between current and future reproduction is universal and forms the basis of life-history theory. Brood size manipulations is one of the most common way to test this trade-off. Although the effect of brood size manipulation on immune response have been tested in many studies, little is known about baseline innate immune function. To fill this gap, I created three groups (enlarged, red

Organisms must aim to find suitable places to settle and reproduce, and this choice varies according to environmental and individual features. The choice of an adequate place can have crucial repercussions on the reproductive success and thus, animal fitness. In many species natal dispersal is a key process accounting for crucial implications for a species spatial distribution. Hence, natal disper