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Human cysteine proteinase inhibitors. Isolation, physiological importance, inhibitory mechanism, gene structure and relation to hereditary cerebral hemorrhage

The isolation and characterization of six human cysteine proteinase inhibitors is reported. Their distribution in human biological fluids is also described and discussed with respect to physiological function. Studies on kininogen and cystatin C with respect to structure-function relationships and, as a result of the cystatin C studies, a general model for the mechanism of cysteine proteinase inhi

Light-induced multistep oxidation of dinuclear manganese complexes for artificial photosynthesis

Two dinuclear manganese complexes, [Mn2BPMP(@m-OAc)2].ClO4 (1, where BPMP is the anion of 2,6-bis{[N,N-di(2-pyridinemethyl)amino]methyl}-4-methylphenol) and [Mn2L(@m-OAc)2].ClO4 (2, where L is the trianion of 2,6-bis{[N-(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl)-N-(2-pyridinemethyl)amino]met hyl}-4-methylphenol), undergo several oxidations by laser flash photolysis, using rutheniumII-tris-bipyridine (tri

Design and evaluation of load control in web-server systems

Nonlinear discrete-time modeling of a Web server system is investigated. Server systems typically contain nonlinearities such as saturations and bounded queue lengths. The incoming traffic and service rates are best modeled by stochastic processes, well described and analyzed by queuing theory. Here, we develop and validate a control theoretic model of a general single server queue, a so-called G/

Comparative evaluation of the methods for determining thermal insulation of clothing ensemble on a manikin and person

Experimental studies helped to compare methods for determining and calculating total heat resistance of clothing sets accepted by Russian and international standards. Findings are that difference in the total heat resistance values calculated on humans and on dummies in relatively still air and quiet conditions is caused by measurement technique applied. Significant difference in the total heat re

Den riskfyllda gemenskapen : att hantera säkerhet på ett passagerarfartyg

The purpose of this study was to examine how cultural processes and organisa-tional conditions influence safety management in complex sociotechnical contexts. The object of investigation was a passenger ship where interviews and observations had been conducted for one year. The ambition was to understand definitions of risk and safety that arise on board the ship. The study focuses on situations t

Broad-band photometric colors and effective temperature calibrations for late-type giants - I. Z=0.02

We present new synthetic broad-band photometric colors for late-type giants based on synthetic spectra calculated with the PHOENIX model atmosphere code. The grid covers effective temperatures T-eff = 3000... 5000 K, gravities log g = - 0.5... + 3.5, and metallicities [M/H] = + 0.5... - 4.0. We show that individual broad-band photometric colors are strongly affected by model parameters such as mol

Embodiment of consciousness

The present article is based on the premise that mind is an emergent property of the processes that produce consciousness. Any scientific understanding must necessarily consider the need of an explanation of consciousness. Instead, the non-sense property of traditional scientific modelling appears to hide the phenomenon. In contrast, the explored hypothesis is based on the assumption that the mean

Determination of accurate stellar radial-velocity measures

Wavelength measurements in stellar spectra cannot readily be interpretedas true stellar motion on the sub-km s-1 accuracy level dueto the presence of many other effects, such as gravitational redshiftand stellar convection, which also produce line shifts. Following arecommendation by the IAU, the result of an accurate spectroscopicradial-velocity observation should therefore be given as the``baryc

Transmission electron microscopy in formation and growth of ordered mesoporous materials

In the boundary of materials and colloidal science, TEM became a very powerful technique used to image the interfaces and early stages of mesoporous materials formation, to obtain symmetry information about the porous network at the meso-scale, furthermore to obtain images of final structures and transformations that could not be observed otherwise. The aim of the present contribution is to give i

Effect of solids retention time and wastewater characteristics on biological phosphorus removal

The paper deals with the effect of wastewater, plant design and operation in relation to biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal and the possibilities to model the processes. Two Bio-P pilot plants were operated for 2.5 years in parallel receiving identical wastewater. The plants had SRT of 4 and 21 days, the latter had nitrification and denitrification. The plant with 4 days SRT had much more

Silvanus Thompson Memorial Lecture Molecular imaging using hyperpolarized C-13

MRI provides unsurpassed soft tissue contrast, but the inherent low sensitivity of this modality has limited the clinical use to imaging of water protons. With hyperpolarization techniques, the signal from a given number of nuclear spins can be raised more than 100 000 times. The strong signal enhancement enables imaging of nuclei other than protons, e.g. C-13 and N-15, and their molecular distrib

Stochastic population dynamics: The Poisson approximation

We introduce an approximation to stochastic population dynamics based on almost independent Poisson processes whose parameters obey a set of coupled ordinary differential equations. The approximation applies to systems that evolve in terms of events such as death, birth, contagion, emission, absorption, etc., and we assume that the event-rates satisfy a generalized mass-action law. The dynamics of

Technetium-99m-nanocolloid scintigraphy in orthopedic infections: a comparison with indium-111-labeled leukocytes

Twenty-three patients with clinically suspected acute or chronic osteomyelitis and 21 patients with suspected joint prosthetic infection underwent scintigraphy using both 99mTc-nanocolloid and 111In-labeled leukocytes. The scintigrams of the two tracers were blindly interpreted by three independent observers. Their evaluations showed high correspondence. Patients were classified as having no infec

Distribution and functional significance of phosphodiesterase isoenzymes in the human lower urinary tract

To date, it is widely accepted that several disorders of the male and female urogenital tract, such as erectile dysfunction, bladder overactivity, urinary stone disease and the benign prostatic syndrome, can be therapeutically approached by influencing the function of the smooth musculature of the respective organs. In order to achieve a pronounced drug effect without significant adverse events, e