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Closing nutrient loops through decentralized anaerobic digestion of organic residues in agricultural regions : A multi-dimensional sustainability assessment

Decentralized anaerobic digestion (AD) of manure and organic residues is a possible strategy to improve carbon and nutrient cycling within agricultural regions, meanwhile generating renewable energy. To date, there has been limited adoption of decentralized AD technology in industrialized countries owing to low profitability for plant operators. There remains a need to demonstrate the wider sustai

A bark beetle attack caused elevated nitrate concentrations and acidification of soil water in a Norway spruce stand

A bark beetle attack in a Norway spruce forest in southwestern Sweden killed most trees, which however mostly remained standing, and caused elevated nitrate concentrations and subsequent acidification in the soil water. Long-term monitoring showed very low nitrate concentrations in the soil water before the bark beetle attack. High nitrate concentrations remained throughout five years after the in

Striking a Balance : A Qualitative Study of Next of Kin Participation in the Care of Older Persons in Nursing Homes in Sweden

Most of the care in nursing homes is palliative in nature, as it is the oldest and the frailest people who live in nursing homes. The aim of this study was to explore next of kin’s experiences of participating in the care of older persons at nursing homes. A qualitative design was used, based on semi-structured interviews with 40 next of kin, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. An oveMost of the care in nursing homes is palliative in nature, as it is the oldest and the frailest people who live in nursing homes. The aim of this study was to explore next of kin's experiences of participating in the care of older persons at nursing homes. A qualitative design was used, based on semi-structured interviews with 40 next of kin, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. An ove

A bi-objective formulation for robust defense strategies in multi-commodity networks

Characterizing system performance under disruption is a growing area of research, particularly for describing a system's resilience to disruptive events. Within the framework of system resilience, this study approaches the minimization of a multiple-commodity system's vulnerability to multiple disruptions. The vulnerability of a system is defined by the degree to which commodities can no longer fl

Building Performance and Post Occupancy Evaluation for an off-grid low carbon and solar PV plus-energy powered building. A case from the Western Desert in Egypt

Current trends in energy supply and use within the building sector in Egypt are patently unsustainable and uneconomical; they are not environmentally and sometimes not even socially viable. Renewable energy has recently started to attract considerable attention as a future energy source. After major problems with electricity blackouts the photovoltaic (PV) market, in particular, has been growing s

Spectra of Generalized Cesàro Operators Acting on Growth Spaces

We study the spectrum of generalized Cesàro operators Tg acting on the class of growth spaces A- α. We show how the problem of determining the spectrum is related to boundedness of standard weighted Bergman projections on weighted L∞-spaces. Using this relation we establish some general spectral properties of these operators, and explicitly compute the spectrum for a large class of symbols g.

Increased Gun Violence Among Young Males in Sweden : a Descriptive National Survey and International Comparison

This population-based time-trend study examines gun violence rates among males in Sweden during the years 1996 to 2015 and compares the rate in Sweden to other Western European countries. Data were collected from six registries and are presented descriptively per 100,000 inhabitants. The risks among males in Sweden increased considerably in both lethal and non-lethal gun victimization and perpetra

Influence of blue maize flour on gluten-free pasta quality and antioxidant retention characteristics

Due to its bioactive compounds, blue maize flour is a valuable ingredient for developing gluten-free products. The incorporation of alternative flours into gluten-free pasta is a challenge as it usually results in products that, despite their enhanced nutraceutical features, show reduced quality characteristics. Composite pasta was prepared with variable (25, 50 and 75%) contents of flours from wh

The biogeochemical consequences of litter transformation by insect herbivory in the Subarctic : a microcosm simulation experiment

Warming may increase the extent and intensity of insect defoliations within Arctic ecosystems. A thorough understanding of the implications of this for litter decomposition is essential to make predictions of soil-atmosphere carbon (C) feedbacks. Soil nitrogen (N) and C cycles naturally are interlinked, but we lack a detailed understanding of how insect herbivores impact these cycles. In a laborat

A prospective study to evaluate the intra-individual reproducibility of bone scans for quantitative assessment in patients with metastatic prostate cancer

Background: The Bone Scan Index (BSI) is used to quantitatively assess the total tumour burden in bone scans of patients with metastatic prostate cancer. The clinical utility of BSI has recently been validated as a prognostic imaging biomarker. However, the clinical utility of the on-treatment change in BSI is dependent on the reproducibility of bone scans. The objective of this prospective study

The majority of MRSA colonized children not given eradication treatment are still colonized one year later. Systemic antibiotics improve the eradication rate

Background: Colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can cause endogenously derived infections and be a source of transmission to other people. Neither colonization time of asymptomatic MRSA colonization nor the effect of treatment aiming at MRSA eradication in children has been thoroughly investigated. Methods: Two hundred ninety-three children

Experimental Investigations on Natural Gas-Diesel Dual Fuel Combustion

Natural gas has been traditionally applied in spark-ignited combustion engines due to similar combustion characteristics for methane gas and gasoline. However, spark ignition requires a low compression ratio to avoid knock problems and therefore, gas engines have lower efficiency than diesel engines. A combustion concept that has been successfully applied on large stationary engines and to some ex

Molecular Characterization of Bladder Cancer Subtypes

Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignancies world-wide, and in Sweden approximately 3000 cases are diagnosed annually. Even though bladder cancer is so common there is low public awareness of the disease, and it has historically been less studied compared to other common types of cancer. This is reflected in the fact that both the treatment methods and outcome for patients have remained

Verification of wireless communication performance and robustness for automotive applications

Today's test methods used for verifying the performance and robustness of automotive applications using wireless communication are often based on fieldtrails, which are time consuming, costly, and not repeatable. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new verification methods that can be performed in lab environment, where the realistic radio propagation environment can be emulated. The telecom in

Regulation of unfolded protein response in hematopoietic stem cells

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) play a central role in hematopoietic regeneration, which has been demonstrated by thorough studies. In contrast, the cell cycle status and metabolic condition of HSCs define these cells as dormant. Recent studies have also revealed that protein metabolism is quite unique, as dormant HSCs have a lower protein synthesis rate and folding capacity. Under proliferative c

Cykelns plats i den kommunala planeringen : En fråga om status och hierarki

Rapporten är en analys av Malmö, Mölndals, Norrköpings och Örebros arbete med cykelplanering och bygger på en genomgång av plandokument från 2000 fram till 2015. Utifrån en nyckelordsökning har kommunernas arbete med att öka attraktiviteten för cykel som ett naturligt och självklart transportslag i stadsmiljö granskats utifrån ett normkritiskt perspektiv på transporter där bilen utgör det självkla

Diagonally implicit Runge–Kutta (DIRK) integration applied to finite strain crystal plasticity modeling

Diagonally implicit Runge–Kutta methods (DIRK) are evaluated and compared to standard solution procedures for finite strain crystal plasticity boundary value problems. The structure of the DIRK implementation is similar to that of a conventional implicit backward Euler scheme. It is shown that only very small modifications are required in order to transform the numerical scheme from one into the o

An Epigenetic Approach to Semantic Categories

It is argued that early language learning in children emerges from five primary knowledge structures: Space, objects, actions, number and events. These structures constitute the basis for the semantic domains that are used to form categories that represent the meanings of early words. The domains are naturally modeled in conceptual spaces that are based on geometric notions rather than on symbolic

Visual Optics : Remarkable Image-Forming Mirrors in Scallop Eyes

For over half a century, the multitudinous mirror eyes of the lowly scallop have continuously amazed us with their visual eccentricities. The latest surprise is the mirror itself, which turns out to be an extraordinary optical wonder. For over half a century, the multitudinous mirror eyes of the lowly scallop have continuously amazed us with their visual eccentricities. The latest surprise is the

Review of acoustic comfort evaluation in dwellings—part I : Associations of acoustic field data to subjective responses from building surveys

Acoustic comfort is a concept hardly described in the literature. But it has been used in engineering typically to refer to low noise or annoyance in order to invoke no discomfort. Current standardized methods for airborne and impact sound reduction are deployed to assess acoustic comfort in dwellings. However, the measured sound pressure levels do not represent comfort. The latter should include