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Dynamic Fascial Closure With Vacuum-Assisted Wound Closure and Mesh-Mediated Fascial Traction (VAWCM) Treatment of the Open Abdomen—An Updated Systematic Review

Introduction: Several different temporary abdominal closure techniques are described in the context of open abdomen treatment. Techniques based on dynamic fascial closure combined with negative pressure therapy have gained popularity and seem to result in the highest fascial closure rates without increased complications and are highlighted in recent guidelines and recommendations. One dynamic clos

Psychological resilience and health-related quality of life in Swedish women with newly diagnosed breast cancer

Purpose: Psychological resilience appears to be an important influencing factor in various aspects of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a context of adversity, eg, being informed of a cancer diagnosis. The purpose was to investigate psychological resilience and HRQoL in Swedish women with newly diagnosed breast cancer in relation to demographic and clinicopathological characteristics. Meth

Neighborhood environment and muscle mass and function among rural older adults : a 3-year longitudinal study

Background: Sarcopenia, resulting from loss of muscle mass and function, is highly prevalent in the ageing societies and is associated with risk of falls, frailty, loss of independence, and mortality. It is important to identify environmental risk factors, so that evidence-based interventions to prevent sarcopenia can be implemented at the population level. This study aimed to examine the potentia

Genetic predisposition to hypertension is associated with preeclampsia in European and Central Asian women

Preeclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy, affecting both maternal and fetal health. In genome-wide association meta-analysis of European and Central Asian mothers, we identify sequence variants that associate with preeclampsia in the maternal genome at ZNF831/20q13 and FTO/16q12. These are previously established variants for blood pressure (BP) and the FTO variant has also been associat

Transethnic Genome-Wide Association Study Provides Insights in the Genetic Architecture and Heritability of Long QT Syndrome

BACKGROUND: Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a rare genetic disorder and a major preventable cause of sudden cardiac death in the young. A causal rare genetic variant with large effect size is identified in up to 80% of probands (genotype positive) and cascade family screening shows incomplete penetrance of genetic variants. Furthermore, a proportion of cases meeting diagnostic criteria for LQTS remain

Apoptosis of hematopoietic progenitor-derived adipose tissue-resident macrophages contributes to insulin resistance after myocardial infarction

Patients with insulin resistance have high risk of cardiovascular disease such as myocardial infarction (MI). However, it is not known whether MI can initiate or aggravate insulin resistance. We observed that patients with ST-elevation MI and mice with MI had de novo hyperglycemia and features of insulin resistance, respectively. In mouse models of both myocardial and skeletal muscle injury, we ob

Personalised biopsy schedules based on risk of Gleason upgrading for patients with low-risk prostate cancer on active surveillance

Objective: To develop a model and methodology for predicting the risk of Gleason upgrading in patients with prostate cancer on active surveillance (AS) and using the predicted risks to create risk-based personalised biopsy schedules as an alternative to one-size-fits-all schedules (e.g. annually). Furthermore, to assist patients and doctors in making shared decisions on biopsy schedules, by provid

Resolving the ‘jobs-environment-dilemma’? : The case for critiques of work in sustainability research, Environmental Sociology

Modern-day work is a central reason for unsustainability, and its transformation is therefore key for sustainability. A recurring manifestation of this issue is the ‘jobs-environment-dilemma’, a trade-off arising due to severe ecological impacts caused by work on the one hand, and the structural constitution of modern industrial society as work-centred and work-dependent on the other. We draw on iModern-day work is a central reason for unsustainability, and its transformation is therefore key for sustainability. A recurring manifestation of this issue is the ‘jobs-environment-dilemma’, a trade-off arising due to severe ecological impacts caused by work on the one hand, and the structural constitution of modern industrial society as work-centred and work-dependent on the other. We draw on i

Characteristics of Patients with Late-Stage Parkinsonism who are Nursing Home Residents Compared with those Living at Home

Objectives: To determine clinical characteristics and treatment complications of patients with late-stage Parkinsonism living in nursing homes compared with those living at home. Design: Cross-sectional analysis. Setting and Participants: This study is an analysis of 692 patients with late stage Parkinsonism recruited to an in-depth international study, Care of Late-Stage Parkinsonism (CLaSP). Mea

Substance Use Disorders and COVID-19: Multi-Faceted Problems Which Require Multi-Pronged Solutions

COVID-19 shocked health and economic systems leaving millions of people without employment and safety nets. The pandemic disproportionately affects people with substance use disorders (SUDs) due to the collision between SUDs and COVID-19. Comorbidities and risk environments for SUDs are likely risk factors for COVID-19. The pandemic, in turn, diminishes resources that people with SUD need for thei

Fourteen complete mitochondrial genomes of butterflies from the genus Lethe (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae) with mitogenome-based phylogenetic analysis

The mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) can help us understand the phylogenetic relationships within the genus Lethe and the subfamily Satyrinae. In this study, we sequenced the complete mitogenomes of 14 Lethe species, which range in size from 15,225 to 15,271 bp, with both 37 genes (13 PCGs, 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNAs) and a noncoding A + T-rich region. The gene arrangement and orientation is similar to ty

High-Sensitivity Assessment of Phagocytosis by Persistent Association-Based Normalization

Phagocytosis is measured as a functional outcome in many research fields, but accurate quantification can be challenging, with no robust method available for cross-laboratory reproducibility. In this study, we identified a simple, measurable parameter, persistent prey-phagocyte association, to use for normalization and dose-response analysis. We apply this in a straightforward analytical method, p

Multi-Scattering software : Part I: Online accelerated Monte Carlo simulation of light transport through scattering media

In this article we present and describe an online freely accessible software called Multi-Scattering for the modeling of light propagation in scattering and absorbing media. Part II of this article series focuses on the validation of the model by rigorously comparing the simulated results with experimental data. The model is based on the use of the Monte Carlo method, where billions of photon pack

Morbidity in patients with permanent hypoparathyroidism after total thyroidectomy

Background: Permanent hypoparathyroidism is common after thyroidectomy. The present study evaluated the risk for morbidity in patients operated with total thyroidectomy with and without permanent hypoparathyroidism. Methods: Data was retrieved from the Scandinavian Quality Register for Thyroid, Parathyroid, and Adrenal Surgery and cross-linked with the Swedish National Prescription Registry for Ph

The Lazy Giants : APOGEE Abundances Reveal Low Star Formation Efficiencies in the Magellanic Clouds

We report the first APOGEE metallicities and α-element abundances measured for 3600 red giant stars spanning a large radial range of both the Large (LMC) and Small Magellanic Clouds, the largest Milky Way (MW) dwarf galaxies. Our sample is an order of magnitude larger than that of previous studies and extends to much larger radial distances. These are the first results presented that make use of t

A low inflammatory, Langerhans cell-targeted microprojection patch to deliver ovalbumin to the epidermis of mouse skin

In a low inflammatory skin environment, Langerhans cells (LCs)– but not dermal dendritic cells (dDCs)– contribute to the pivotal process of tolerance induction. Thus LCs are a target for specific-tolerance therapies. LCs reside just below the stratum corneum, within the skin's viable epidermis. One way to precisely deliver immunotherapies to LCs while remaining minimally invasive is with a skin de

Robustness and lethality in multilayer biological molecular networks

Robustness is a prominent feature of most biological systems. Most previous related studies have been focused on homogeneous molecular networks. Here we propose a comprehensive framework for understanding how the interactions between genes, proteins and metabolites contribute to the determinants of robustness in a heterogeneous biological network. We integrate heterogeneous sources of data to cons

Members of the public in the USA, UK, Canada and Australia expressing genetic exceptionalism say they are more willing to donate genomic data

Public acceptance is critical for sharing of genomic data at scale. This paper examines how acceptance of data sharing pertains to the perceived similarities and differences between DNA and other forms of personal data. It explores the perceptions of representative publics from the USA, Canada, the UK and Australia (n = 8967) towards the donation of DNA and health data. Fifty-two percent of this p